A Web-Based Survey of Daily Experienced Well-Being in Older Couples

描述（由申请人提供）：随着政策制定者寻找指数来补充现有的以人口为基础的经济指标，人们对捕捉人们对其生活环境的看法和感受的幸福调查措施产生了新的兴趣。例如，Kahneman和他的同事（2004）开发了一种“一天重建法”（DRM），将情感体验的评估与昨天活动的详细时间日记结合起来。DRM提供了与全球幸福感报告不同的在线体验信息。包括我们在内的几个研究团队（ROBUST: RC1 AG035576-02）已经独立开发并测试了适合于健康与退休研究（HRS）等老年人大型代表性调查的经验幸福的简短CATI/CAPI调查措施。然而，2012-2016年的HRS更新提出了新的挑战，使这一措施适应网络模式，并考虑到数据依赖对夫妻的影响。HRS采访老年家庭的夫妻双方。迄今为止，关于体验幸福感的研究只采访了个人。这个项目有三个目标。他们解决了重要的方法和概念问题，在全球和经验幸福的测量模式和耦合效应。首先，我们利用2008年至2011年间收集的现有HRS数据，通过三种模式（电话、面对面、网络），检验老年夫妇双方对全球幸福状况的反应的可比性。这一系列的HRS数据为50岁以上人口的子样本的组间比较和个人（夫妻）模式分析提供了一个独特的机会。其次，我们对当地招募的老年夫妇进行了随机实验，以探索经验幸福的模式和夫妻效应。这项研究将使用新的短期幸福感衡量标准，纳入未来的人力资源调查浪潮。由于年龄、性别、种族、教育、健康和50岁以后的认知能力下降可能与幸福感测量的模式和类型相互作用，我们将在对二级数据和实验的分析中检查这些因素。第三，在一项为期7天的试点日记研究中，我们探索了伴侣和夫妻的不同参与程度，重复测量的效果，并获得了关于伴侣对体验幸福感影响的日常动态的初步数据。对于大型纵向面板中的间歇性模块来说，基于网络的幸福感测量可能是一个宝贵的资源，用于研究老年夫妇在失去工作、从有薪工作中退休、健康挑战或适应残疾后发生的适应过程。我们的探索性研究将为未来此类努力的可行性提供初步信息。所获得的信息将促进老年人的健康评估和我们对晚年生活质量的理解。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As policy makers search for indices to complement existing population-based economic markers, there is new interest in survey measures of wellbeing that capture how people think and feel about their life circumstances. Kahneman and colleagues (2004), for example, developed a Day Reconstruction Method (DRM) that integrates the assessment of affective experience with a detailed time diary of yesterday's activities. The DRM provides on-line information about experience that is distinct from global reports of wellbeing. Several research teams, including ours (ROBUST: RC1 AG035576-02) have independently developed and tested short CATI/CAPI survey measures of experienced wellbeing suitable for large representative surveys of older adults such as the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The 2012-2016 HRS renewal, however, posed new challenges to adapt this measure for the web mode and to consider the implications of data dependencies within couples. HRS interviews both partners in older households. To date, studies of experienced wellbeing have only interviewed individuals. The goals of this project are threefold. They address important methodological and conceptual issues about mode and couple effects in the measurement of global and experienced wellbeing. First, we utilize available HRS data collected between 2008 and 2011 to examine the comparability of responses about global wellbeing obtained from both partners in older couples across three modes (telephone, in-person, web). This constellation of HRS data provides a unique opportunity for comparative between-group and within-person (couple) mode analyses in subsamples representative of the population over age 50. Second, we conduct a randomized experiment with a locally recruited sample of older couples to explore mode and couple effects in experienced wellbeing. This study will use the new short measure of experienced wellbeing to be included in future waves of HRS. Because age, gender, race, education, health, and cognitive decline after age 50 could interact with mode and type of wellbeing measure, we will examine these factors in our analyses of the secondary data and the experiment. Third, in a pilot 7-day diary study, we explore differential partner and couple participation across days, the effects of repeated measurement, and also obtain preliminary data about the day-to-day dynamics of partner influences on experienced wellbeing. A web-based measure of experienced wellbeing could be a valuable resource for intermittent modules in large longitudinal panels to study the adaption processes that occur in older couples following loss of employment, retirement from paid work, health challenges or adaptation to disability. Our exploratory study will provide preliminary information about the feasibility of such future endeavors. The information obtained will advance assessment of wellbeing in large surveys of older adults and our understanding of life quality in late life. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This R21 project explores open questions about survey mode effects in the measurement of global and experienced wellbeing in older couples. We use HRS couple data collected between 2008 and 2011 to analyze between-group and within-person (couple) differences in responses about global wellbeing obtained in three modes (telephone, in-person, web). This is supplemented by a randomized experiment of mode and couple effects on a short experienced wellbeing measure to be included in future waves of HRS and an exploratory 7- day web diary study of experienced wellbeing.