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Enhancing Retrospective Life History Data in the Health and Retirement Study- Renewal

增强健康和退休研究中的回顾性生活史数据 - 更新

基本信息

批准号：
10670314
负责人：
Jacqui Smith
金额：
$ 87.28万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-15 至 2025-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10670314
关键词：
Age Age-associated memory impairment Aging Alzheimer&apos s Disease Alzheimer&apos s disease related dementia Behavioral Birth Brain Pathology Characteristics Clinical Code Cognitive Cognitive aging Data Dementia Dictionary Education Elderly Europe Exposure to Family Fostering Funding Health Surveys Health and Retirement Study Impaired cognition Impairment Individual Individual Differences Learning Life Life Cycle Stages Link Location Longitudinal Studies Measures Names Neurologic Nonrespondent Occupational Occupations Outcome Paper Participant Population Population Research Predisposition Prevalence Public Health Questionnaires Recording of previous events Research Research Personnel Resources Respondent Retirement Risk Risk Factors Role Schools Self Administration Social Sciences Source Surveys Testing Update Work Writing baby boomer career cognitive performance cognitive reserve cognitive testing cohort college coping design ethnic difference experience gender difference human old age (65+)insight interest life history member mild cognitive impairment modifiable risk population health public health research racial difference response social theories trend user-friendly web site

项目摘要

The mysteries of specific mechanisms underlying Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Alzheimer's-Disease-Related Dementias (ADRD) are still being solved, as is understanding individual differences in susceptibility to differential rates of age-related cognitive decline and brain pathology. Proposals about sources, functions, and mechanisms associated with so-called cognitive reserve are central to one prominent theory about differential susceptibility. Although there is considerable debate about the precise operationalization of cognitive reserve, theory and research suggests that individuals possessing greater amounts of cognitive reserve are better able to cope with higher levels of brain pathology or other neurological insult before reaching clinical thresholds of progressive dementia-related impairment. Implicit in this theory is the possibility that cognitive reserve might be a modifiable risk factor. Given this assumption, much social science and public health research has focused on identifying societal and behavioral factors that contribute to the accumulation of cognitive reserve and account for secular trends in the prevalence of dementia. Educational attainment and occupation are two factors consistently invoked as potential sources of cognitive reserve but important gaps remain in understanding what aspects of educational and occupational experience are important, why, and for whom. We propose to leverage two new opportunities in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine some of these gaps. First, in the initial cycle of the project, we developed a Life History Mail Study (LHMS). The LHMS (fielded in 2015 and 2017) provides important insight into the content, quality, and contexts of early and lifelong education together with characteristics of job histories. This detail considerably enhances the scope and richness of information about these two factors and opens possibilities to link to historical administrative data. To date, most population research on older adults has been restricted to limited information about the number of years of early-life education and highest degree, and the characteristics of the last or longest job. In addition to the content and characteristics of education and jobs, the new LHMS data provide important information about lifetime exposures and trajectories (e.g., lifelong education, career progression, changes in job complexity, and trajectory disruptions). Second, in 2016, as part of a Healthy Cognitive Aging Project (HCAP), HRS introduced a new cognitive battery designed to identify progressive cognitive decline linked to ADRD after age 65. This extends the cognitive performance measures collected longitudinally in each HRS biennial wave. We will take advantage of this opportunity to examine hypotheses about the contributions of educational and occupational histories to differential late-life cognitive decline and dementia. To complete our analyses and continue to enhance the public-use HRS life history information, we will: i) consolidate LHMS data collected in various HRS waves; ii) collect the LHMS from the late baby boomer cohort; iii) enhance efforts to collect the LHMS from non-respondents; and iv) add codes for education and job qualities to the public files.

阿尔茨海默病（AD）和阿尔茨海默病相关疾病的特定机制之谜痴呆症（ADRD）仍在解决中，理解个体差异的易感性也是如此。与年龄相关的认知能力下降和大脑病理学的差异率。关于来源、功能和与所谓的认知储备相关的机制是一个关于差异化的重要理论的核心。易感性虽然关于认知储备的精确操作存在相当大的争论，理论和研究表明，拥有更多认知储备的人在达到临床阈值之前，进行性痴呆相关损伤这一理论隐含的可能性是，认知储备可能是一个可以改变的风险因素鉴于这一假设，许多社会科学和公共卫生研究都集中在确定有助于认知储备和帐户积累的社会和行为因素痴呆症患病率的长期趋势。教育程度和职业是两个因素一直被认为是认知储备的潜在来源，但在理解什么是认知储备方面仍存在重要差距。教育和职业经验的各个方面都很重要，为什么重要，对谁重要。我们建议利用健康与退休研究（HRS）中的两个新机会来研究其中的一些差距。首先，在项目的初始周期，我们开发了一个生活史邮件研究（LHMS）。LHMS（部署在 2015年和2017年）提供了关于早期和终身教育的内容，质量和背景的重要见解以及工作经历的特征。这一细节大大增强了这两个因素的信息，并开辟了可能性，链接到历史的行政数据。到目前为止，大多数关于老年人的人口研究都局限于有关年龄的有限信息。早期教育和最高学位，以及最后或最长工作的特点。除了有教育和工作的内容和特点，新的LHMS数据提供了重要的信息，寿命暴露和轨迹（例如，终身教育、职业发展、工作复杂性的变化，以及轨迹中断）。其次，在2016年，作为健康认知老化项目（HCAP）的一部分，HRS推出了一种新的认知测试，旨在识别与65岁后ADRD相关的进行性认知衰退。这扩展了在每个HRS两年期波中纵向收集的认知性能指标。我们将采取利用这个机会来研究关于教育和职业贡献的假设，不同的晚年认知能力下降和痴呆的历史。完成我们的分析并继续加强公众使用的HRS生活史信息，我们将：i）整合在各种不同的LHMS数据 HRS波; ii）从婴儿潮后期人群中收集LHMS; iii）加强收集LHMS的工作㈣在公共档案中增加关于教育和工作质量的代码。