Enhancing Retrospective Life History Data in the Health and Retirement Study- Renewal

增强健康和退休研究中的回顾性生活史数据 - 更新

• 批准号: 10216154
• 负责人: Jacqui Smith
• 金额: $ 168.65万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10216154
• 关键词: Age; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Archives; Behavioral; Birth; Brain Pathology; Characteristics; Clinical; Code; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Data; Dementia; Dictionary; Education; Elderly; Europe; Exposure to; Family; Fostering; Funding; Gender; Health Surveys; Health and Retirement Study; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Learning; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Location; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Names; Neurologic; Nonrespondent; Occupational; Occupations; Outcome; Paper; Participant; Population; Population Research; Predisposition; Prevalence; Public Health; Questionnaires; Race; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Respondent; Retirement; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Schools; Self Administration; Social Sciences; Source; Surveys; Testing; Update; Work; baby boomer; career; cognitive performance; cognitive reserve; cognitive testing; cohort; college; design; ethnic difference; experience; human old age (65+); insight; interest; life history; member; mild cognitive impairment; modifiable risk; population health; public health research; response; social; theories; trend; user-friendly; web site

The mysteries of specific mechanisms underlying Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Alzheimer's-Disease-Related Dementias (ADRD) are still being solved, as is understanding individual differences in susceptibility to differential rates of age-related cognitive decline and brain pathology. Proposals about sources, functions, and mechanisms associated with so-called cognitive reserve are central to one prominent theory about differential susceptibility. Although there is considerable debate about the precise operationalization of cognitive reserve, theory and research suggests that individuals possessing greater amounts of cognitive reserve are better able to cope with higher levels of brain pathology or other neurological insult before reaching clinical thresholds of progressive dementia-related impairment. Implicit in this theory is the possibility that cognitive reserve might be a modifiable risk factor. Given this assumption, much social science and public health research has focused on identifying societal and behavioral factors that contribute to the accumulation of cognitive reserve and account for secular trends in the prevalence of dementia. Educational attainment and occupation are two factors consistently invoked as potential sources of cognitive reserve but important gaps remain in understanding what aspects of educational and occupational experience are important, why, and for whom. We propose to leverage two new opportunities in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine some of these gaps. First, in the initial cycle of the project, we developed a Life History Mail Study (LHMS). The LHMS (fielded in 2015 and 2017) provides important insight into the content, quality, and contexts of early and lifelong education together with characteristics of job histories. This detail considerably enhances the scope and richness of information about these two factors and opens possibilities to link to historical administrative data. To date, most population research on older adults has been restricted to limited information about the number of years of early-life education and highest degree, and the characteristics of the last or longest job. In addition to the content and characteristics of education and jobs, the new LHMS data provide important information about lifetime exposures and trajectories (e.g., lifelong education, career progression, changes in job complexity, and trajectory disruptions). Second, in 2016, as part of a Healthy Cognitive Aging Project (HCAP), HRS introduced a new cognitive battery designed to identify progressive cognitive decline linked to ADRD after age 65. This extends the cognitive performance measures collected longitudinally in each HRS biennial wave. We will take advantage of this opportunity to examine hypotheses about the contributions of educational and occupational histories to differential late-life cognitive decline and dementia. To complete our analyses and continue to enhance the public-use HRS life history information, we will: i) consolidate LHMS data collected in various HRS waves; ii) collect the LHMS from the late baby boomer cohort; iii) enhance efforts to collect the LHMS from non-respondents; and iv) add codes for education and job qualities to the public files.

阿尔茨海默病(AD)和阿尔茨海默病相关特定机制的奥秘 痴呆症(ADRD)仍在解决中，了解个体在易感性上的差异也是如此 与年龄相关的认知减退和脑病理的不同比率。关于来源、功能和 与所谓的认知储备相关的机制是关于差异的一个重要理论的核心 敏感度。尽管关于认知储备的确切可操作性存在相当大的争论， 理论和研究表明，拥有更多认知储备的人更有能力 在达到临床临界值之前应对更高水平的大脑病理或其他神经侮辱 进行性痴呆症相关的损害。这一理论隐含着一种可能性，即认知储备可能 一个可更改的风险因素。鉴于这一假设，许多社会科学和公共卫生研究都集中在 确定有助于积累认知储备和帐户的社会和行为因素 痴呆症患病率的长期趋势。教育程度和职业是两个因素 一直被用作认知储备的潜在来源，但在理解什么方面仍然存在重要差距 教育和职业经历的各个方面都很重要，为什么？对谁来说？我们建议 利用健康和退休研究(HRS)中的两个新机会来检查其中一些差距。 首先，在项目的最初周期，我们开发了一个生活史邮件研究(LHMS)。LHMS(现场部署 2015年和2017年)提供了对早期和终身教育的内容、质量和背景的重要见解 以及工作历史的特点。这个细节极大地增强了 关于这两个因素的信息，并打开链接到历史管理数据的可能性。到目前为止， 大多数关于老年人的人口研究都局限于关于年龄的有限信息 早期生活教育和最高学位，以及最后一份或最长工作的特点。除 关于教育和工作的内容和特点，新的LHMS数据提供了关于 终身经历和轨迹(例如，终身教育、职业发展、工作复杂性的变化，以及 轨道中断)。第二，2016年，作为健康认知老龄化项目(HCAP)的一部分，HRS引入了 一种新的认知电池，旨在识别65岁后与ADRD有关的进行性认知衰退。这 扩展在每个HRS两年一次的波中纵向收集的认知性能测量。我们会带上 利用这一机会审查关于教育和职业贡献的假设 区分晚年认知衰退和痴呆症的病史。完成我们的分析并继续 加强公众使用的HRS生活史信息，我们将：i)整合在各种不同地点收集的LHMS数据 小时波；ii)从婴儿潮后期的队列中收集LHMS；iii)加强收集LHMS的努力 来自非受访者的信息；以及iv)在公共档案中增加教育和工作质量代码。