Enhancing Retrospective Life History Data in the Health and Retirement Study- Renewal

增强健康和退休研究中的回顾性生活史数据 - 更新

• 批准号: 10000821
• 负责人: Jacqui Smith
• 金额: $ 133.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10000821
• 关键词: Age; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Archives; Behavioral; Birth; Brain Pathology; Characteristics; Clinical; Code; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Data; Dementia; Dictionary; Education; Elderly; Europe; Exposure to; Family; Fostering; Funding; Gender; Health Surveys; Health and Retirement Study; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Learning; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Location; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Names; Neurologic; Nonrespondent; Occupational; Occupations; Outcome; Paper; Participant; Population; Population Research; Predisposition; Prevalence; Public Health; Questionnaires; Race; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Respondent; Retirement; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Schools; Self Administration; Social Sciences; Source; Surveys; Testing; Update; Work; baby boomer; career; cognitive performance; cognitive reserve; cognitive testing; cohort; college; design; ethnic difference; experience; human old age (65+); insight; interest; life history; member; mild cognitive impairment; modifiable risk; population health; public health research; response; social; theories; trend; user-friendly; web site

The mysteries of specific mechanisms underlying Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Alzheimer's-Disease-Related Dementias (ADRD) are still being solved, as is understanding individual differences in susceptibility to differential rates of age-related cognitive decline and brain pathology. Proposals about sources, functions, and mechanisms associated with so-called cognitive reserve are central to one prominent theory about differential susceptibility. Although there is considerable debate about the precise operationalization of cognitive reserve, theory and research suggests that individuals possessing greater amounts of cognitive reserve are better able to cope with higher levels of brain pathology or other neurological insult before reaching clinical thresholds of progressive dementia-related impairment. Implicit in this theory is the possibility that cognitive reserve might be a modifiable risk factor. Given this assumption, much social science and public health research has focused on identifying societal and behavioral factors that contribute to the accumulation of cognitive reserve and account for secular trends in the prevalence of dementia. Educational attainment and occupation are two factors consistently invoked as potential sources of cognitive reserve but important gaps remain in understanding what aspects of educational and occupational experience are important, why, and for whom. We propose to leverage two new opportunities in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine some of these gaps. First, in the initial cycle of the project, we developed a Life History Mail Study (LHMS). The LHMS (fielded in 2015 and 2017) provides important insight into the content, quality, and contexts of early and lifelong education together with characteristics of job histories. This detail considerably enhances the scope and richness of information about these two factors and opens possibilities to link to historical administrative data. To date, most population research on older adults has been restricted to limited information about the number of years of early-life education and highest degree, and the characteristics of the last or longest job. In addition to the content and characteristics of education and jobs, the new LHMS data provide important information about lifetime exposures and trajectories (e.g., lifelong education, career progression, changes in job complexity, and trajectory disruptions). Second, in 2016, as part of a Healthy Cognitive Aging Project (HCAP), HRS introduced a new cognitive battery designed to identify progressive cognitive decline linked to ADRD after age 65. This extends the cognitive performance measures collected longitudinally in each HRS biennial wave. We will take advantage of this opportunity to examine hypotheses about the contributions of educational and occupational histories to differential late-life cognitive decline and dementia. To complete our analyses and continue to enhance the public-use HRS life history information, we will: i) consolidate LHMS data collected in various HRS waves; ii) collect the LHMS from the late baby boomer cohort; iii) enhance efforts to collect the LHMS from non-respondents; and iv) add codes for education and job qualities to the public files.

阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）和阿尔茨海默氏症与疾病有关的特定机制的奥秘 痴呆症（ADRD）仍在解决 与年龄相关的认知能力下降和脑病理学的差异率。有关来源，功能和 与所谓的认知储备相关的机制对于一个关于差异的突出理论至关重要 敏感性。尽管关于认知储备的精确操作存在很大的争论， 理论和研究表明，拥有更多认知储备的个人更好 在达到临床阈值之前 进行性痴呆相关的障碍。在这个理论中隐含的是认知储备可能是 可修改的危险因素。鉴于这一假设，许多社会科学和公共卫生研究都集中在 确定有助于认知储备和帐户积累的社会和行为因素 对于痴呆症患病率的世俗趋势。教育成果和占领是两个因素 始终被称为认知储备的潜在来源，但重要的差距在理解什么 教育和占领经验的各个方面很重要，为什么和为谁。我们建议 在健康和退休研究（HRS）中利用两个新的机会来检查其中一些差距。 首先，在项目的初始周期中，我们开发了一项生命历史邮件研究（LHMS）。 LHMS（在 2015年和2017年）对早期和终身教育的内容，质量和内容提供了重要的见解 以及工作历史的特征。该细节考虑增强的范围和丰富性 有关这两个因素的信息，并打开了可能链接到历史管理数据的信息。迄今为止， 大多数对老年人的人口研究都仅限于有关年数的有限信息 早期教育和最高学位，以及最后或最长的工作的特征。除了 教育和工作的内容和特征，新的LHMS数据提供了有关的重要信息 终身暴露和轨迹（例如，终身教育，职业发展，工作复杂性的变化和 轨迹破坏）。第二，2016年，作为健康认知衰老项目（HCAP）的一部分，HRS引入了 一种新的认知电池，旨在识别65岁以后与ADRD相关的渐进认知下降。 在每个HRS双年浪潮中纵向收集的认知性能度量。我们会接受的 这个机会的优势来审查有关教育和占领的贡献的假设 差异后期认知能力下降和痴呆症的历史。完成我们的分析并继续 增强公共用途的人力资源管理历史信息，我们将：i）合并各种收集的LHMS数据 小时波； ii）从已故的婴儿潮一代队列中收集LHM； iii）加强收集LHM的努力 来自非响应； iv）将教育和工作质量的代码添加到公共文件中。