Pluripotent stem cell models of sporadic Alzheimer's Disease

散发性阿尔茨海默病的多能干细胞模型

• 批准号: 8321504
• 负责人: Lawrence S. Goldstein
• 金额: $ 18.36万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8321504
• 关键词: Address; Age; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease model; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Amyloid; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animal Model; Asses; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Line; Cell model; Cells; Data; Development; Diagnostic; Disease; Drug Delivery Systems; Exhibits; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Risk; Genetic Variation; Genome; Genomics; Human; Human Genetics; Human Genome; Image; In Vitro; Individual; Inflammatory; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Genetics; Mus; Mutation; Neurofibrillary Tangles; Neuroglia; Neurologic; Neurons; Older Population; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Patients; Persons; Phenotype; Pilot Projects; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Poisoning; Population; Predisposition; Presenile Alzheimer Dementia; Public Health; Resolution; Risk Factors; Rodent; Role; Technology; Testing; Therapeutic; Transgenic Model; Variant; Work; amyloid precursor protein processing; base; familial Alzheimer disease; genetic analysis; genetic manipulation; genetic risk factor; genetic variant; genome wide association study; induced pluripotent stem cell; mutant; neuron loss; novel therapeutics; overexpression; oxidative damage; presenilin-1; protein expression; stem cell technology; tau Proteins; tau phosphorylation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): How do the genomic variants in individuals with sporadic Alzheimer's Disease (SAD) contribute to the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD)? To begin addressing this question human induced pluripotent stem cell (hIPSC) technology will be used to begin testing the hypothesis that the genomes of individual SAD patients contain genetic variants that generate biochemically detectable phenotypes in human neurons. Human pluripotent stem cells (hIPSC) allow the genomes of human individuals afflicted with SAD to be captured in a pluripotent stem cell line. Such cells can then be differentiated to human neurons or glia in vitro for evaluating whether the captured genome alters neuronal or glial phenotype in a manner similar to that seen in cells carrying FAD mutations or as predicted by mechanistic models of SAD such as the Ass hypothesis. An hIPSC model may also be useful for addressing human specific effects and avoiding some aspects of the well known limitations of animal models such as high copy number in transgenic models and the absence of a human genetic background. Our underlying hypothesis is that the genome of a patient with SAD contains a set of susceptibility variants that may alter neuronal, glial, or other relevant cellular phenotypes in a detectable manner. Broadly speaking, genomic variants in SAD patients could contribute to disease in a variety of ways ranging from effects on inflammatory pathways, glial turnover of Ass or other potentially toxic molecules generated by neurons and other cells, or by effects in neurons on pathways of APP processing, susceptibility to Ass poisoning, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative damage, etc. In this R21 exploratory proposal, we propose to take the first step and use hIPSC technology to test the hypothesis that at least some SAD genomes cause APP expression, APP processing, or tau phosphorylation phenotypes in human neurons that carry the genomes of patients who developed SAD. Identification of such genomes would provide the raw material for further studies using high resolution molecular genetic analyses to define how different genomic variants contribute to neuronal phenotypes and might allow new drug targets and pathways to be identified. Possible predictive measures and diagnostics might also be generated. In this pilot project, we will probe these issues by completing two specific aims: 1) We will generate 3 hIPSC lines each from 5 SAD patients and 5 age-matched normal controls (NC). 2) We will generate purified neurons from each hIPSC line and test whether SAD neurons exhibit APP expression, APP processing, or tau phosphorylation changes typical of FAD.

描述（由申请人提供）：散发性阿尔茨海默病（SAD）个体的基因组变异如何促进阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发展？为了解决这个问题，人类诱导多能干细胞 (hIPSC) 技术将被用来开始测试这样的假设：个体 SAD 患者的基因组包含在人类神经元中产生生化可检测表型的遗传变异。人类多能干细胞 (hIPSC) 允许在多能干细胞系中捕获患有 SAD 的人类个体的基因组。然后，这些细胞可以在体外分化为人类神经元或神经胶质细胞，以评估捕获的基因组是否以类似于携带 FAD 突变的细胞中观察到的方式或如 Ass 假设等 SAD 机制模型所预测的方式改变神经元或神经胶质细胞表型。 hIPSC 模型还可用于解决人类特定效应并避免动物模型众所周知的局限性的某些方面，例如转基因模型中的高拷贝数和缺乏人类遗传背景。我们的基本假设是，SAD 患者的基因组包含一组易感性变异，这些变异可能以可检测的方式改变神经元、神经胶质或其他相关细胞表型。从广义上讲，SAD 患者的基因组变异可能以多种方式导致疾病，包括影响炎症途径、Ass 的神经胶质周转或神经元和其他细胞产生的其他潜在有毒分子，或影响神经元对 APP 处理途径的影响、Ass 中毒的易感性、tau 过度磷酸化、氧化损伤等。在这个 R21 探索性提案中，我们建议迈出第一步 并使用 hIPSC 技术来检验以下假设：至少某些 SAD 基因组会导致携带 SAD 患者基因组的人类神经元中的 APP 表达、APP 处理或 tau 磷酸化表型。此类基因组的鉴定将为进一步研究提供原材料，使用高分辨率分子遗传分析来定义不同的基因组变异如何影响神经元表型，并可能允许识别新的药物靶点和途径。还可以生成可能的预测措施和诊断。在这个试点项目中，我们将通过完成两个具体目标来探讨这些问题：1）我们将从 5 名 SAD 患者和 5 名年龄匹配的正常对照 (NC) 中各产生 3 个 hIPSC 系。 2) 我们将从每个 hIPSC 系中生成纯化的神经元，并测试 SAD 神经元是否表现出 APP 表达、APP 处理或 FAD 典型的 tau 磷酸化变化。