Tobacco Packaging and Labeling Policies: Expanding the Evidence on Novel Policies

项目2的主要目标是在低收入、中等收入和高收入国家建立烟草包装和标签政策领域的证据基础(《烟草控制框架公约》第11条)。项目2将通过直接从烟草包装中收集信息并通过在“高负担”国贸中心国家进行实验研究来补充项目1中描述的调查数据。项目2包括4个分研究，每个研究都有一个特定的目标。具体目标1是调查7个“高负担”国贸中心国家的青年和成年人对香烟包装设计的看法：中国、印度、孟加拉国、墨西哥、韩国、美国和德国。将在7个国家中的每一个国家进行平行的实验研究，以考察品牌描述符(例如，轻、温和、光滑、苗条)和品牌形象(例如，颜色和设计)对风险感知和品牌吸引力的影响。总体而言，这项研究试图找出卷烟包装上潜在的误导性信息，并评估“普通”包装法规的潜在影响。在具体目标2中，将在相同的7个高负荷下对青年成年人进行平行实验研究 国际贸易中心国家评估健康警告对烟草包装的影响。这项研究将考察三种类型的健康警告对健康信念、信息回忆和吸烟易感性的影响：纯文本健康警告、带有健康影响的图形描述的图形警告和带有个人证明的图形警告。具体目标3将试图复制目标1和目标2中的实验研究的结果，将这些研究的主要措施纳入7个低收入和低收入国家的基于人口的调查。 中等收入国贸中心国家：泰国、马来西亚、乌拉圭、印度、中国、墨西哥和孟加拉国。具体目标4将记录卷烟包装中的行业实践及其与烟草标签政策的关联。这项研究将系统地收集和分析20个国家中每个国家的50个主要卷烟品牌的包装设计和描述符，包括所有ITC国家。项目2中的每一项研究都将侧重于低收入、中等收入和高收入国家在行业实践中的潜在相似和差异，以及标签政策的有效性，这是本P01申请的主要主题。

The primary goal of Project 2 is to build the evidence base in the area of tobacco packaging and labeling policies (Article 11 of the FCTC), in low, middle, and high income countries. Project 2 will complement the survey data described in Project 1 by collecting information directly from tobacco packages and by conducting experimental studies in "high-burden" ITC countries. Project 2 includes 4 sub-studies, each with a specific aim. Specific Aim 1 is to examine consumer perceptions of cigarette packaging design among youth and adults in 7 "high-burden" ITC countries: China, India, Bangladesh, Mexico, Republic of Korea, the United States, and Germany. Parallel experimental studies will be conducted in each of the 7 countries to examine the impact of brand descriptors (e.g., light, mild, smooth, slims) and brand imagery (e.g., colors and design) on perceptions of risk and brand appeal. Overall, the study seeks to identify potentially misleading information on cigarette packages and to evaluate the potential impact of "plain" packaging regulations. In Specific Aim 2, parallel experimental studies will be conducted with youth adults in the same 7 high-burden ITC countries to evaluate the impact of health warnings on tobacco packages. The study will examine the impact of three types of health warnings on health beliefs, message recall, and smoking susceptibility: text- only health warnings, pictorial warnings with graphic depictions of health effects, and pictorial warnings with personal testimonials. Specific Aim 3 will attempt to replicate the findings from the experimental studies in Aims 1 and 2 by integrating key measures from these studies into the population-based surveys in 7 low and middle-income ITC countries: Thailand, Malaysia, Uruguay, India, China, Mexico, and Bangladesh. Specific Aim 4 will document industry practices in cigarette packaging and their association with tobacco labeling policies. This study will systematically collect and analyze package design and descriptors from 50 leading cigarette brands in each of 20 countries, including all ITC countries. Each of the studies in Project 2 will focus upon potential similarities and differences between low,middle, and high income countries in industry practice and the effectiveness of labeling policiesa primary theme of this P01 application.