Coronary Plaque Characterization Utilizing Quantum Optics Approaches with OC

利用量子光学方法和 OC 进行冠状动脉斑块表征

• 批准号: 8369052
• 负责人: Mark E Brezinski
• 金额: $ 30.06万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8369052
• 关键词: Air; Arterial Fatty Streak; Back; Basic Science; Blood; Cardiology; Catheters; Clinical; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Coagulation Process; Coronary; Data; Detection; Developed Countries; Electrocardiogram; Endoscopes; Engineering; Environment; Equilibrium; Hybrids; Image; In Vitro; Intervention; Knowledge; Length; Light; Lipids; Measurement; Measures; Modification; Morbidity - disease rate; Myocardial Infarction; Noise; Optical Coherence Tomography; Optics; Paper; Pattern; Photons; Physics; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Probability; Property; Publishing; Quantum Mechanics; Refractive Indices; Resolution; Risk; Rupture; Sampling; Scheme; Science; Signal Transduction; Solutions; Source; Stents; Structure; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissues; Travel; Ultrasonography; Variant; Water; arm; base; cardiovascular imaging; design; detector; electric impedance; imaging modality; innovation; insight; mortality; new technology; novel; prototype; quantum; resilience; sound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Myocardial infarctions (MI), the leading cause of mortality in industrialized countries, almost exclusively result from the rupture of small, thin walled, lipid filled plaques. When these plaques rupture, they release thrombogenic material into the blood, which leads to clot formation and subsequent vessel occlusion. Until the recent commercial availability of optical coherence tomography (OCT), these small thin walled plaques were beyond the resolution limits of clinical imaging modalities. But while OCT is very sensitive for identifying small thin walled plaques, it's ability to subclassifying them into lipid (unstable versus non-lipid (stable) is poor. Since coronary interventions carry significant risk, determination of a lipid core is essential in risk stratifying for interventional therapy. In this proposal, we use a novel detection scheme utilizing photon pairs (termed biphoton wavepacket or 2nd order correlations {SOC}) with advantageous quantum properties to differentiate lipid from non-lipid plaques. Though typically filtered out as noise with OCT, these biphotons can be measured with OCT system modifications and also allow OCT images to be obtained. Many of the SOC quantum principles utilized in this proposal were originally studied, over the last several decades, using special quantum sources which generate entangled photon pairs approximately one biphoton at a time. These principles have recently been utilized with conventional thermal light. In a paper published in 2008, using a modified OCT set- up, we were able to use thermally generated SOC to differentiate lipid from nonlipid utilizing the quantum phenomena of nonlocality and superposition (spread of the position probability amplitude). However, the set- up required pre-knowledge of the separation between two reflectors that was of limited clinical value, in addition to requiring signal chirping and analysis of offline plots. hat has been overcome with a redesign of the interferometer (only one reflection needed), for which we will demonstrate pilot data from a prototype system. The proposed system needs only a single reflector and one interferometer, with a real time detection scheme (data represented as correlation and anti-correlation peaks). The hypothesis of this proposal is that lipid and non-lipi plaque can be differentiated by analyzing SOC alterations backreflected from plaque. It will be tested by building a clinically viable combined OCT/SOC system and evaluating it with phantoms and in vitro plaque. This is a high impact proposal because 1. The significance is high as it provides a solution for prevention of many MI, representing a substantial mortality and morbidity benefit. 2. It is highly innovative both because it uses thermal quantum SOC at high intensity for identifying the plaque and because an imaging embodiment is developed with no parallel. 3. The team has considerable expertise in OCT, quantum mechanics, basic research, clinical research, and cardiology. 4. The approach develops two novel OCT/SOC embodiments: evaluating their various system parameters on phantoms and atherosclerotic plaque. 5. The environment is structured to produce forefront science from physics and engineering to clinical trials. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Heart attacks, the leading cause of mortality in industrialized countries, almost exclusively result from the rupture of small, thin walled, lipid filled plaques. new technology OCT is very sensitive for identifying small thin walled plaques, but it's ability to subclassifying them into lipid (unstable) versus non-lipid (stable) is poor. We use a novel OCT and quantum mechanics approach to differentiate stable and unstable coronary plaque.

描述（由申请人提供）：心肌梗死（MI）是工业化国家死亡的主要原因，几乎完全是由小的、薄壁的、充满脂质的斑块破裂引起的。当这些斑块破裂时，它们将血栓形成物质释放到血液中，这导致凝块形成和随后的血管闭塞。直到最近商业化的光学相干断层扫描（OCT），这些小的薄壁斑块超出了临床成像模式的分辨率限制。但是，尽管OCT对于识别小的薄壁斑块非常敏感，但它将它们细分为脂质（不稳定）与非脂质（稳定）的能力很差。由于冠状动脉介入治疗具有显著的风险，因此确定脂质核心在介入治疗的风险分层中至关重要。在这个建议中，我们使用一种新的检测方案，利用光子对（称为双光子波包或二阶相关{SOC}）具有有利的量子特性，以区分脂质和非脂质斑块。虽然通常用OCT作为噪声过滤掉，但这些双光子可以用OCT系统修改来测量，并且还允许获得OCT图像。在过去的几十年里，这个提议中使用的许多SOC量子原理最初都是使用特殊的量子源来研究的，这些量子源每次大约产生一个双光子的纠缠光子对。这些原理最近已被用于传统的热光。在2008年发表的一篇论文中，使用改进的OCT设置，我们能够使用热生成的SOC来利用非局域性和叠加（位置概率振幅的扩展）的量子现象区分脂质和非脂质。然而，除了需要信号啁啾和离线图的分析之外，该设置还需要预先知道两个反射器之间的分离，这具有有限的临床价值。通过重新设计干涉仪（仅需要一次反射），这一问题得到了克服，为此我们将展示来自原型系统的试点数据。所提出的系统只需要一个单一的反射器和一个干涉仪，与真实的时间检测方案（数据表示为相关和反相关峰）。该建议的假设是，脂质和非脂质斑块可以通过分析从斑块反射的SOC改变来区分。将通过构建临床可行的OCT/SOC组合系统并使用体模和体外斑块对其进行评价来进行测试。这是一个很大的影响，因为1。其重要性很高，因为它为预防许多MI提供了解决方案，代表了显著的死亡率和发病率获益。2.这是高度创新的，因为它使用高强度的热量子SOC来识别斑块，并且因为成像实施例是在没有并行的情况下开发的。3.该团队在OCT、量子力学、基础研究、临床研究和心脏病学方面具有相当的专业知识。4.该方法开发了两种新的OCT/SOC实施例：评估其在幻影和动脉粥样硬化斑块上的各种系统参数。5.环境的结构，以产生从物理学和工程到临床试验的前沿科学。 公共卫生关系：心脏病发作是工业化国家死亡率的主要原因，几乎完全是由小的、薄壁的、充满脂质的斑块破裂引起的。 新技术OCT对于识别小的薄壁斑块非常敏感，但它能够 将它们细分为脂质（不稳定）与非脂质（稳定）是很差的。我们使用一种新的OCT和量子力学方法来区分稳定和不稳定的冠状动脉斑块。