Coronary Plaque Characterization Utilizing Quantum Optics Approaches with OC

利用量子光学方法和 OC 进行冠状动脉斑块表征

• 批准号: 8517721
• 负责人: Mark E Brezinski
• 金额: $ 16.4万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8517721
• 关键词: Air; Arterial Fatty Streak; Back; Basic Science; Blood; Cardiology; Catheters; Clinical; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Coagulation Process; Coronary; Data; Detection; Developed Countries; Electrocardiogram; Endoscopes; Engineering; Environment; Equilibrium; Hybrids; Image; In Vitro; Intervention; Knowledge; Length; Light; Lipids; Measurement; Measures; Modification; Morbidity - disease rate; Myocardial Infarction; Noise; Optical Coherence Tomography; Optics; Paper; Pattern; Photons; Physics; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Probability; Property; Publishing; Quantum Mechanics; Refractive Indices; Resolution; Risk; Rupture; Sampling; Scheme; Science; Signal Transduction; Solutions; Source; Stents; Structure; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissues; Travel; Ultrasonography; Variant; Water; arm; base; cardiovascular imaging; design; detector; electric impedance; imaging modality; innovation; insight; mortality; new technology; novel; prototype; quantum; resilience; sound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Myocardial infarctions (MI), the leading cause of mortality in industrialized countries, almost exclusively result from the rupture of small, thin walled, lipid filled plaques. When these plaques rupture, they release thrombogenic material into the blood, which leads to clot formation and subsequent vessel occlusion. Until the recent commercial availability of optical coherence tomography (OCT), these small thin walled plaques were beyond the resolution limits of clinical imaging modalities. But while OCT is very sensitive for identifying small thin walled plaques, it's ability to subclassifying them into lipid (unstable versus non-lipid (stable) is poor. Since coronary interventions carry significant risk, determination of a lipid core is essential in risk stratifying for interventional therapy. In this proposal, we use a novel detection scheme utilizing photon pairs (termed biphoton wavepacket or 2nd order correlations {SOC}) with advantageous quantum properties to differentiate lipid from non-lipid plaques. Though typically filtered out as noise with OCT, these biphotons can be measured with OCT system modifications and also allow OCT images to be obtained. Many of the SOC quantum principles utilized in this proposal were originally studied, over the last several decades, using special quantum sources which generate entangled photon pairs approximately one biphoton at a time. These principles have recently been utilized with conventional thermal light. In a paper published in 2008, using a modified OCT set- up, we were able to use thermally generated SOC to differentiate lipid from nonlipid utilizing the quantum phenomena of nonlocality and superposition (spread of the position probability amplitude). However, the set- up required pre-knowledge of the separation between two reflectors that was of limited clinical value, in addition to requiring signal chirping and analysis of offline plots. hat has been overcome with a redesign of the interferometer (only one reflection needed), for which we will demonstrate pilot data from a prototype system. The proposed system needs only a single reflector and one interferometer, with a real time detection scheme (data represented as correlation and anti-correlation peaks). The hypothesis of this proposal is that lipid and non-lipi plaque can be differentiated by analyzing SOC alterations backreflected from plaque. It will be tested by building a clinically viable combined OCT/SOC system and evaluating it with phantoms and in vitro plaque. This is a high impact proposal because 1. The significance is high as it provides a solution for prevention of many MI, representing a substantial mortality and morbidity benefit. 2. It is highly innovative both because it uses thermal quantum SOC at high intensity for identifying the plaque and because an imaging embodiment is developed with no parallel. 3. The team has considerable expertise in OCT, quantum mechanics, basic research, clinical research, and cardiology. 4. The approach develops two novel OCT/SOC embodiments: evaluating their various system parameters on phantoms and atherosclerotic plaque. 5. The environment is structured to produce forefront science from physics and engineering to clinical trials.

描述（由申请人提供）：心肌梗死（MI）是工业化国家死亡的主要原因，几乎完全是由小的、薄壁的、充满脂质的斑块破裂引起的。当这些斑块破裂时，它们释放血栓形成物质进入血液，导致血栓形成和随后的血管闭塞。在光学相干断层扫描（OCT）最近商业化之前，这些小的薄壁斑块超出了临床成像模式的分辨率限制。但是，尽管OCT对识别小的薄壁斑块非常敏感，但它将它们细分为脂质（不稳定）和非脂质（稳定）的能力很差。由于冠状动脉介入治疗具有显著的风险，因此确定脂质核心在介入治疗的风险分层中是必不可少的。在本提案中，我们使用一种新的检测方案，利用具有有利量子特性的光子对（称为双光子波包或二阶相关{SOC}）来区分脂质斑块和非脂质斑块。虽然这些双光子通常被OCT滤除为噪声，但可以通过OCT系统修改来测量，并且还可以获得OCT图像。在过去的几十年里，本提案中使用的许多SOC量子原理最初都是使用特殊的量子源来研究的，这些量子源每次产生大约一个双光子的纠缠光子对。这些原理最近被用于传统的热光源。在2008年发表的一篇论文中，使用改进的OCT设置，我们能够利用非局域性和叠加（位置概率振幅的传播）的量子现象，使用热生成的SOC来区分脂质和非脂质。然而，除了需要信号啁啾和离线图分析外，该装置还需要预先了解两个反射器之间的距离，这是有限的临床价值。这已经通过重新设计干涉仪（只需要一个反射）来克服，为此我们将演示来自原型系统的试点数据。该系统只需要一个反射器和一个干涉仪，并采用实时检测方案（数据表示为相关峰和反相关峰）。本提案的假设是，可以通过分析斑块反射的SOC变化来区分脂质斑块和非脂质斑块。将通过建立临床可行的OCT/SOC联合系统，并通过幻影和体外斑块进行评估来进行测试。这是一个影响很大的提议，因为1。它的重要性很高，因为它为预防许多心肌梗死提供了一种解决方案，代表了大量的死亡率和发病率效益。2. 它是高度创新的，因为它使用高强度的热量子SOC来识别斑块，因为它开发了一种无与伦比的成像实施方案。3. 该团队在OCT，量子力学，基础研究，临床研究和心脏病学方面拥有相当多的专业知识。4. 该方法开发了两种新的OCT/SOC实施方案：评估其在幻影和动脉粥样硬化斑块上的各种系统参数。5. 环境的结构是为了产生从物理学和工程学到临床试验的前沿科学。