Prevalence and Traits of FASD in the US Population: Evidence from Schools

美国人口中 FASD 的患病率和特征：来自学校的证据

• 批准号: 8330646
• 负责人: Philip Alan May
• 金额: $ 179.71万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-30 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8330646
• 关键词: Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Alcohol-related birth defects; American; Area; Authorization documentation; Award; Basic Science; Budgets; Characteristics; Child; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Collaborations; Collection; Communities; Country; County; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diagnostic Procedure; Disability phenotype; Drug usage; Dysmorphology; Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Etiology; Face; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder; Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Gene Deletion; General Population; Genetic; Genetic screening method; Growth; Health Status; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); International; Interview; Italy; Logistics; Mainstreaming; Measures; Medical; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Morphology; Mothers; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nature; Phenotype; Pilot Projects; Population; Population Study; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Prevalence Study; Preventive Intervention; Procedures; Pseudonym; Psychological Tests; Public Health; Religion and Spirituality; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Technics; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schools; Screening procedure; Sioux Falls; Site; South Africa; Structure; Syndrome; Techniques; Testing; Time; United States; Woman; Work; behavior measurement; behavior test; case control; cohort; comparative genomic hybridization; disorder control; experience; falls; innovation; insight; multidisciplinary; nutrition; peer; population based; public health relevance; social; socioeconomics; success; time use; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Background/Project Summary: Accurate assessments of the prevalence and population-based characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are sorely needed and long overdue for the U.S. mainstream population. The true extent, nature, and impact of FASD in the general population of the U.S., and in our schools, are currently unclear and/or unknown, although a recent estimate has placed the prevalence of FASD at 2 to 5%. Through screening, testing, and highly-structured interdisciplinary, lOM-recommended diagnostic procedures in 1st grade classes of three populations, we propose to: 1) assess the prevalence of FASD in two cohorts each within three specific 1st grade populations in the U.S. via two different applications of case control and random sampling methods; 2) define the exact characteristics of a) physical growth and morphology and b) neurodevelopmental characteristics U.S. children with and without FASD; 3) apply array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) techniques, in a nested study, to assess any major genetic factors (e.g. gene deletion syndromes) that may affect facial dysmorphia in cases of severe FASD (FAS or PFAS); 4) define specific maternal risk factors among mainstream American women for various levels of FASD; and 5) coordinate all data content, collection, formatting, and procedures with the Data Analysis Coordination Component (DACC) of the Collaboration of FASD Prevalence (CoFASP), and provide all data collected to the DACC of this NIAAA-funded initiative. Research will take place in: Great Falls, MT; Sioux Falls, SD; and ABC County, NC [pseudonym]. Three pilot studies have been carried out in Great Falls, and FASD has been estimated there at 1 to 2.5% of 1st grade children, a rate substantially higher than current estimates for the U.S. We are in a truly unique position at this time. As our epidemiologic methods and procedures have matured, the directions for innovation within future studies of U.S. populations are clear. Our experienced team of clinical researchers is cohesive, interdisciplinary, and expert, with 12 years experience in similar studies in the U.S. and foreign countries. This is an opportune time for this population-based study of the prevalence and characteristics of FASD in mainstream U.S. populations where FASD may be a substantially large, but underreported, public health problem. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) in the mainstream U.S. population are not known; recent estimates hold that FASD may affect 2 to 5% of all children. Innovative, active case ascertainment research on FASD in 1st grade children (and their mothers) of 3 representative U.S. populations will produce accurate measures of the magnitude, characteristics, and specific contextual etiology of FASD in mainstream populations. A better understanding of the public health and clinical impact of FASD in the general population will guide the way to better diagnosis, intervention, and prevention.

描述（由申请人提供）：