Project 6. Ecological Momentary Assessment of Emotional Regulation

这项研究扩展了目前正在进行的饮酒和吸烟研究（目前的项目6）， 生态瞬时评估（EMA），以检查在吸烟和不吸烟的情况下使用酒精， 调节情绪，以及这些调节策略对随后情绪的影响。我们添加一个比较 边缘型人格障碍（BPD）患者。BPD与饮酒的共患病率较高 在临床和基于人群的样本中检测AUDs。BPD的主要症状，冲动和 情感不稳定是AUD病因学理论的核心结构，因此BPD代表了一种“模型 研究情绪调节和紊乱的自我控制在AUD发生中的作用。我们将 收集随机和基于事件的EMA数据（例如，饮酒，吸烟）评估，以解决我们的 目标。我们将检验以下假设：（1）BPD患者的饮酒事件将由两种因素预示 积极和消极的情绪;在未受影响的对照组（CON）饮酒将预示着积极的，但不是 消极情绪;冲动将缓和这些情绪-物质使用关系。(2)BPD患者饮酒 发作将与比CON更重的消耗（性别和体重调整）相关;组 差异将被情感不稳定性和冲动性所缓和。饮料消费将是 在两组中，吸烟量都有所减少。(3)饮酒对情绪的影响将是 以积极和消极的强化为特征;吸烟会减弱 由于两组中的急性交叉耐受效应而导致的强化。在BPD患者中， 不稳定会减弱酒精相关的持续时间，对情绪的有益影响。(4)饮酒后阴性 酒精对BPD患者情绪的影响大于对照组，因为享乐的叠加效应， BPD患者中酒精和负面情绪的反弹效应;吸烟会增加这些效应， 两组。这项研究将提供重要的信息，情绪失调的作用，在 AUD的病因和维持，以及冲动和吸烟如何与情绪失调相互作用， 导致饮酒增加。这些结果将对酒精的预防和治疗产生影响 问题

This study extends currently ongoing research on both drinking and smoking (current Project 6) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine the use of alcohol with and without conjoint smoking to regulate emotions, and the effects of these regulation strategies on subsequent mood. We add a comparison group of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) patients. BPD exhibits high comorbidity with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in both clinical and population-based samples. Cardinal symptoms of BPD, impulsivity and affective instability, are central constructs in theories of AUD etiology, so BPD represents a type of "model system" for studying the role of emotion regulation and disordered self-control in the genesis of AUD. We will collect EMA data from both random and event-based (e.g., drinking, smoking) assessments to address our aims. We will test the following hypotheses: (1) drinking episodes in BPD patients will be presaged by both positive and negative moods; drinking in non-affected controls (CON) will be presaged by positive but not negative moods; impulsivity will moderate these mood-substance use relations. (2) BPD patients' drinking episodes will be associated with heavier consumption (sex and body weight adjusted) than CON; group differences will be moderated by both affective instability and by impulsivity. Drinks consumed will be moderated by number of cigarettes in both groups. (3) Alcohol consumption's effect on mood will be characterized by both positive and negative reinforcement; smoking will attenuate the degree of reinforcement due to acute cross-tolerance effects in both groups. In BPD patients, underlying affective instability will attenuate the duration of alcohol-related, salutary effects on mood. (4) Negative post-drinking effects of alcohol on mood will be larger in BPD patients than controls because of additive effects of hedonic rebound effects of alcohol and negative affectivity in BPD patients; smoking will increase these effects in both groups. This study will provide important information about the role mood dysregulation plays in the etiology and maintenance of AUD, and how impulsivity and smoking may interact with mood dysregulation to lead to increased drinking. These results will have implications for both prevention and treatment of alcohol problems.