Study of Health Effects of DDT in Mexico

墨西哥 DDT 健康影响研究

• 批准号: 8336545
• 负责人: Matthew Longnecker
• 金额: $ 2.87万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8336545
• 关键词: Adverse effects; Affect; Androgens; Animals; Area; Birth; Blood; Breast Feeding; Child; Childhood; Country; Data; Enrollment; Exposure to; Growth; Health; Human; Infection; Lactation; Length; Life; Malaria; Mexico; Mothers; Newborn Infant; Outcome; Paper; Phase; Population; Pregnancy loss; Publishing; Recommendation; Reporting; Reproduction; Respiratory Tract Infections; Woman; World Health Organization; Writing; base; cost; dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; follow-up; infant death; male; maternal serum; offspring; phase 1 study; phase 2 study; prevent; research study; response

Recent data continue to indicate that use of the insecticide DDT may have adverse effects on human health, but essentially no findings on this topic have been replicated, so the question is still open. Whether DDT has adverse effects is important because DDT is still used for malaria control in about 12 countries, and current recommendations by the World Health Organization that support DDT use are based on the assumption that it has basically no adverse health consequences for humans. DDE is the major metabolite of DDT. Experiments in animals indicate that DDE blocks androgen action and that exposure before birth can have adverse effects on male reproduction. In addition, two previous human studies suggest that higher exposure to DDE is associated with a shortended duration of lactation. Breast feeding prevents infant death. Therefore, DDT use may have the effect of increasing infant death. Furthermore, recent data suggest that DDT/DDE may cause pregnancy loss in humans. Additional information about these potential adverse effect are needed. Mexico used the insecticide DDT for malaria control until 1999; many people there in tropical areas have elevated blood levels of the DDT metabolite, DDE. My project in Mexico has two phases; both are based on the same group of subjects. I conducted phase 1 of this study to examine the relation between maternal serum levels of DDE in relation to evidence of decreased androgen action in 781 newborn males in Tapachula, Mexico. All phase 1 subjects were enrolled in 2002-2003; the response rate was 95%. Phase 2 of this study began in FY 2004. This study followed 757 women and children enrolled in Phase 1, to determine if DDT exposure is related to reduced length of lactation among mothers. In addition, the offspring were followed to examine early-life DDT exposure in relation to infection and growth. Follow-up has been completed. All of the main papers planned to report finding from Phase 1 and Phase 2 have been published in previous fiscal years. Last years progress: We are still deciding whether to write a paper on childhood respiratory infections as an outcome.

最近的数据继续表明，杀虫剂滴滴涕的使用可能对人类健康产生不利影响，但基本上没有重复该主题的研究结果，因此这个问题仍然悬而未决。 DDT是否具有不良影响很重要，因为DDT仍在约12个国家用于疟疾控制，而世界卫生组织目前支持使用DDT的建议是基于这样的假设：它对人类基本上不会产生不良健康后果。 DDE是DDT的主要代谢物。 动物实验表明，DDE 会阻碍雄激素的作用，出生前接触 DDE 会对男性生殖产生不利影响。 此外，之前的两项人体研究表明，较高的 DDE 暴露与哺乳期缩短有关。母乳喂养可防止婴儿死亡。因此，滴滴涕的使用可能会增加婴儿死亡率。 此外，最近的数据表明，DDT/DDE 可能会导致人类流产。需要有关这些潜在不利影响的更多信息。 墨西哥直到 1999 年才使用杀虫剂 DDT 来控制疟疾；热带地区的许多人血液中 DDT 代谢物 DDE 水平升高。 我在墨西哥的项目分为两个阶段；两者都基于同一组主题。 我进行了这项研究的第一阶段，以检查墨西哥塔帕丘拉 781 名新生儿男性中 DDE 母体血清水平与雄激素作用下降证据之间的关系。 所有1期受试者均于2002-2003年入组；回复率为95%。 该研究的第二阶段于 2004 财年开始。该研究对参与第一阶段的 757 名妇女和儿童进行了跟踪调查，以确定 DDT 暴露是否与母亲哺乳时间缩短有关。此外，还对后代进行跟踪调查，以检查生命早期滴滴涕暴露与感染和生长的关系。 后续工作已完成。 计划报告第一阶段和第二阶段发现的所有主要论文均已在上一财年发表。 去年的进展： 我们仍在决定是否要写一篇关于儿童呼吸道感染的论文作为结果。