Prospective/Retrospective Motion Correction System for Motion Robust Pediatric MR

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的长期目标是开发一种新的运动鲁棒磁共振成像（MRI）技术。磁共振成像是一种强大的工具，有助于诊断个体受试者，指导他们的临床护理，并提供对正常和非典型发育机制的见解。脑MRI促进了整个生命周期中精神健康障碍的表征。然而，传统的磁共振成像要求被成像的对象在图像编码的持续时间内保持完全静止。年幼的儿童和不合作的成年患者很难保持足够长的时间来成功成像。对于临床成像，这样的患者经常被镇静或麻醉，这冒着不良事件的风险，是昂贵的，并且不能确保受试者保持完全静止。研究通常无法使用镇静或麻醉，因为其风险很大。这阻碍了我们识别精神健康障碍的神经生物学基础的能力。运动鲁棒磁共振成像的发展将使我们在绘制精神疾病的生命轨迹方面的能力得到显着提高。这将对我们确定何时、何地和如何进行干预的能力产生重大影响，并能够改进对潜在干预措施的评价。该项目建议在扫描和采集后处理过程中结合使用前瞻性运动跟踪硬件和分散数据插值，以便能够从无法保持静止的受试者中构建高分辨率高信噪比的大脑图像。该第II阶段STTR应用的具体目标是：（1）修改EndoScout跟踪系统，以便在任何扫描仪上实现实时运动跟踪，无需与扫描仪进行硬件连接，也无需对扫描仪进行软件更改;（2）加快回溯处理时间，实现运动的快速重建-自由的3D图像集，从而能够在将受试者从扫描仪中取出之前对扫描进行临床评价;（3）将该方法应用于系统的临床使用所需的附加序列;（4）在临床研究中使用该系统之前，使用移动体模进行技术测试和志愿者测试，以验证该系统的性能：（5）对该系统进行两阶段临床研究，包括在普通儿科人群和脑硬化症患者中进行“先试不镇静”研究。这是罗宾医疗公司的一个联合项目，该机构将开发运动跟踪系统和加速处理软件，并将对该系统进行技术测试;波士顿儿童医院放射科的研究科将开发成像序列，并将进行该项目的志愿者和临床研究。 公共卫生相关性：拟议项目旨在使儿童和不合作的成人在没有镇静或麻醉的情况下进行MRI。如果成功，它将降低医疗保健成本，因为MRI的镇静或麻醉使扫描成本增加一倍或三倍;它将扩大医疗保健的范围。 在儿童和不合作的成人中使用MRI，将不具备在镇静或麻醉下进行MRI所需资源的较小医院;并且它将消除与镇静或麻醉相关的风险，从而将MRI的使用扩展到由于相关风险而目前未使用的临床和研究应用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term objective of the project is to develop a new motion robust magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology. Magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful tool that aids in the diagnosis of individual subjects, guides their clinical care, ad provides insights into the mechanisms of normal and atypical development. The characterization of mental health disorders across the lifespan has been facilitated by brain MRI. However, conventional magnetic resonance imaging requires the subject being imaged remain perfectly still for the duration of the image encoding. Young children and non-cooperative adult patients have difficulty to hold still long enough for successful imaging. For clinical imaging such patients are frequently sedated or anesthetized, which runs the risk of adverse events, is costly, and does not ensure the subjects remain perfectly still. Research studies are typically unable to use sedation or anesthesia due to its significant risk. This hampers our ability to identify the neurobiological underpinnings of mental health disorders. The development of motion robust magnetic resonance imaging will enable dramatic improvements in our capacity to chart the trajectory of mental illness over the lifespan. This will have a significant impact on our ability to determine when, where and how to intervene, and enable improved evaluation of potential interventions. The project proposes to utilize a combination of hardware for prospective motion tracking during scan and post-acquisition processing with scattered data interpolation to enable the construction of high resolution high signal-to-noise ratio images of the brain from subjects who are unable to hold still. The specific aims of this Phase II STTR application are: (1) to modify the EndoScout tracking system to enable realtime motion tracking on any scanner, with no hardware connections to the scanner and with no software changes in the scanner; (2) to accelerate retrospective processing time to achieve rapid reconstruction of motion-free 3D image set and thus to enable clinical evaluation of the scans before the subject is taken out of the scanner; (3) to apply the method to additional sequences that are needed for clinical use of the system; (4) to conduct technical tests with a moving phantom and volunteer tests to verify the performance of the system before its being used in the clinical studies: (5) to conduct a two-phase clinical study of the system, including a "try first without sedation" study in the general pediatric population and in Tuberous Sclerosis patients. This is a joint project by Robin Medical, Inc., which will develop the motion tracking system and the accelerated processing software and will conduct technical tests of the system; and the Research Section at the Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Boston, which will develop the imaging sequences and will conduct the volunteer and clinical studies of the project. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project aims to enable MRI in children and non-cooperative adults without sedation or anesthesia. If successful, it will reduce healthcare costs as sedation or anesthesia for MRI doubles or triples the cost of the scan; it will expand the use of MRI in children and non-cooperative adults to smaller hospitals that do not have the required resources to conduct MRI under sedation or anesthesia; and it will eliminate the risks associated with sedation or anesthesia and thus will enable to expand the use of MRI to clinical and research application where it is now not being used due to associated risks.