Prospective/Retrospective Motion Correction System for Motion Robust Pediatric MR

描述(申请人提供)：该项目的长期目标是开发一种新的运动健壮的磁共振成像(MRI)技术。磁共振成像是辅助个体诊断和指导临床治疗的有力工具，有助于深入了解正常发育和不典型发育的机制。脑部核磁共振有助于对整个生命周期的精神健康障碍进行表征。然而，传统的磁共振成像要求被成像的对象在图像编码期间保持完全静止。年幼的儿童和不合作的成人患者很难保持足够长的时间来进行成功的成像。对于临床成像，这类患者经常被镇静或麻醉，这有发生不良事件的风险，成本高昂，并且不能确保受试者保持完全静止。研究研究通常无法使用镇静或麻醉，因为它有很大的风险。这妨碍了我们识别精神健康障碍的神经生物学基础的能力。运动健壮磁共振成像的发展将使我们在一生中描绘精神疾病轨迹的能力大幅提高。这将对我们确定何时、何地和如何干预的能力产生重大影响，并使我们能够改进对潜在干预措施的评估。该项目建议利用硬件在扫描和采集后处理与散乱数据内插相结合来进行预期的运动跟踪，以便能够从无法静止的受试者那里构建高分辨率、高信噪比的大脑图像。该第二阶段STTR应用的具体目标是：(1)修改EndoScout跟踪系统，以实现在任何扫描仪上的实时运动跟踪，而无需与扫描仪的硬件连接，也不需要在扫描仪中进行软件更改；(2)加快回溯处理时间，以实现无运动3D图像集的快速重建，从而能够在将对象从扫描仪中取出之前对扫描进行临床评估；(3)将该方法应用于系统临床使用所需的附加序列；(4)使用移动模体进行技术测试和志愿者测试，以验证该系统的性能，然后将其用于临床研究：(5)对该系统进行两个阶段的临床研究，包括在普通儿科人群和结节性硬化症患者中进行“先试后镇静”研究。这是由Robin Medical，Inc.和波士顿儿童医院放射科研究科联合开展的一个项目，该公司将开发运动跟踪系统和加速处理软件，并将对该系统进行技术测试；该部门将开发成像序列，并将进行该项目的志愿者和临床研究。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的项目旨在使儿童和不合作的成年人在没有镇静或麻醉的情况下进行核磁共振检查。如果成功，它将降低医疗成本，因为MRI的镇静或麻醉将使扫描成本增加一倍或三倍；它将扩大 将在儿童和不合作的成人中使用核磁共振成像的方法推广到没有在镇静或麻醉下进行核磁共振成像所需资源的较小医院；这将消除与镇静或麻醉相关的风险，从而能够将核磁共振成像的使用扩大到临床和研究应用，因为目前由于相关风险而不使用核磁共振成像技术。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term objective of the project is to develop a new motion robust magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology. Magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful tool that aids in the diagnosis of individual subjects, guides their clinical care, ad provides insights into the mechanisms of normal and atypical development. The characterization of mental health disorders across the lifespan has been facilitated by brain MRI. However, conventional magnetic resonance imaging requires the subject being imaged remain perfectly still for the duration of the image encoding. Young children and non-cooperative adult patients have difficulty to hold still long enough for successful imaging. For clinical imaging such patients are frequently sedated or anesthetized, which runs the risk of adverse events, is costly, and does not ensure the subjects remain perfectly still. Research studies are typically unable to use sedation or anesthesia due to its significant risk. This hampers our ability to identify the neurobiological underpinnings of mental health disorders. The development of motion robust magnetic resonance imaging will enable dramatic improvements in our capacity to chart the trajectory of mental illness over the lifespan. This will have a significant impact on our ability to determine when, where and how to intervene, and enable improved evaluation of potential interventions. The project proposes to utilize a combination of hardware for prospective motion tracking during scan and post-acquisition processing with scattered data interpolation to enable the construction of high resolution high signal-to-noise ratio images of the brain from subjects who are unable to hold still. The specific aims of this Phase II STTR application are: (1) to modify the EndoScout tracking system to enable realtime motion tracking on any scanner, with no hardware connections to the scanner and with no software changes in the scanner; (2) to accelerate retrospective processing time to achieve rapid reconstruction of motion-free 3D image set and thus to enable clinical evaluation of the scans before the subject is taken out of the scanner; (3) to apply the method to additional sequences that are needed for clinical use of the system; (4) to conduct technical tests with a moving phantom and volunteer tests to verify the performance of the system before its being used in the clinical studies: (5) to conduct a two-phase clinical study of the system, including a "try first without sedation" study in the general pediatric population and in Tuberous Sclerosis patients. This is a joint project by Robin Medical, Inc., which will develop the motion tracking system and the accelerated processing software and will conduct technical tests of the system; and the Research Section at the Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Boston, which will develop the imaging sequences and will conduct the volunteer and clinical studies of the project. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project aims to enable MRI in children and non-cooperative adults without sedation or anesthesia. If successful, it will reduce healthcare costs as sedation or anesthesia for MRI doubles or triples the cost of the scan; it will expand the use of MRI in children and non-cooperative adults to smaller hospitals that do not have the required resources to conduct MRI under sedation or anesthesia; and it will eliminate the risks associated with sedation or anesthesia and thus will enable to expand the use of MRI to clinical and research application where it is now not being used due to associated risks.