Prospective/Retrospective Motion Correction System for Motion Robust Pediatric MR

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的长期目标是开发一种新的运动鲁棒性磁共振成像（MRI）技术。磁共振成像是一种强大的工具，有助于个体受试者的诊断，指导他们的临床护理，并提供对正常和非典型发育机制的见解。脑MRI促进了整个生命周期中精神健康障碍的表征。然而，传统的磁共振成像要求被成像的对象在图像编码期间保持完全静止。年幼的儿童和不合作的成年患者很难保持足够长的时间不动，无法成功成像。对于临床成像，这类患者经常被镇静或麻醉，这有不良事件的风险，费用昂贵，并且不能确保受试者保持完全静止。研究通常不能使用镇静或麻醉，因为它的重大风险。这阻碍了我们识别精神健康障碍的神经生物学基础的能力。运动稳健核磁共振成像技术的发展将极大地提高我们绘制精神疾病一生轨迹的能力。这将对我们确定何时、何地以及如何进行干预的能力产生重大影响，并能够改进对潜在干预措施的评估。该项目提出利用硬件组合进行扫描期间的前瞻性运动跟踪和分散数据插值的采集后处理，从而能够从无法保持静止的受试者中构建高分辨率高信噪比的大脑图像。该二期STTR应用的具体目标是：(1)修改EndoScout跟踪系统，使其能够在任何扫描仪上进行实时运动跟踪，无需与扫描仪进行硬件连接，也无需对扫描仪进行软件更改；(2)加快回顾性处理时间，实现无运动三维图像集的快速重建，从而使受试者在从扫描仪中取出之前能够对扫描结果进行临床评估；(3)将该方法应用于该系统临床使用所需的其他序列；(4)在将系统应用于临床研究之前，对该系统进行技术测试和志愿者测试，以验证系统的性能；(5)对该系统进行两期临床研究，包括在普通儿科人群和结节性硬化症患者中进行“先试不镇静”的研究。这是Robin Medical， Inc.的一个联合项目，Robin Medical, Inc.将开发运动跟踪系统和加速处理软件，并对系统进行技术测试；以及波士顿儿童医院放射科研究科，该科将开发成像序列，并将开展该项目的志愿者和临床研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term objective of the project is to develop a new motion robust magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology. Magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful tool that aids in the diagnosis of individual subjects, guides their clinical care, ad provides insights into the mechanisms of normal and atypical development. The characterization of mental health disorders across the lifespan has been facilitated by brain MRI. However, conventional magnetic resonance imaging requires the subject being imaged remain perfectly still for the duration of the image encoding. Young children and non-cooperative adult patients have difficulty to hold still long enough for successful imaging. For clinical imaging such patients are frequently sedated or anesthetized, which runs the risk of adverse events, is costly, and does not ensure the subjects remain perfectly still. Research studies are typically unable to use sedation or anesthesia due to its significant risk. This hampers our ability to identify the neurobiological underpinnings of mental health disorders. The development of motion robust magnetic resonance imaging will enable dramatic improvements in our capacity to chart the trajectory of mental illness over the lifespan. This will have a significant impact on our ability to determine when, where and how to intervene, and enable improved evaluation of potential interventions. The project proposes to utilize a combination of hardware for prospective motion tracking during scan and post-acquisition processing with scattered data interpolation to enable the construction of high resolution high signal-to-noise ratio images of the brain from subjects who are unable to hold still. The specific aims of this Phase II STTR application are: (1) to modify the EndoScout tracking system to enable realtime motion tracking on any scanner, with no hardware connections to the scanner and with no software changes in the scanner; (2) to accelerate retrospective processing time to achieve rapid reconstruction of motion-free 3D image set and thus to enable clinical evaluation of the scans before the subject is taken out of the scanner; (3) to apply the method to additional sequences that are needed for clinical use of the system; (4) to conduct technical tests with a moving phantom and volunteer tests to verify the performance of the system before its being used in the clinical studies: (5) to conduct a two-phase clinical study of the system, including a "try first without sedation" study in the general pediatric population and in Tuberous Sclerosis patients. This is a joint project by Robin Medical, Inc., which will develop the motion tracking system and the accelerated processing software and will conduct technical tests of the system; and the Research Section at the Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Boston, which will develop the imaging sequences and will conduct the volunteer and clinical studies of the project.