Neural Substrates of Affective Style and Emotion Regulation

描述(由申请人提供)：这是R01-MH43454竞争延续的修订版。这项申请寻求额外五年的支持，以继续PI在情感风格和情绪调节的神经基础上的研究计划。情感风格和情绪调节的个体差异决定了压力反应的差异以及对情绪、焦虑和外在障碍的易感性。这项应用的广泛目标是进一步了解情绪调节个体差异背后的神经回路，并确定消极和积极情绪调节的自愿和自动形式的神经基础和生物行为相关性之间的关系。有人建议将这项工作扩展到青少年晚期，他们是我们过去5年来一直通过成像和行为测量跟踪的纵向样本的一部分，我们自出生以来就有关于他们的行为和荷尔蒙数据。一项重要的研究将考察对消极和积极情绪的自愿和自动调节之间的关系，以确定一个方面的技能是否能预测另一个方面的技能，并确定两者是否存在重叠或正交的神经底物，包括激活和连通性测量。我们将具体解决这样一个问题，即擅长下调负面情绪的参与者是否也擅长上调积极情绪。作为这项研究的一部分，我们还将检验图片诱导的负面情绪的调节与热痛诱导的负面情绪之间的关系。另一项研究将考察工作记忆(WM)容量的个体差异与情绪调节之间的关系。除了评估情绪调节的任务外，参与者还将在WM期间在扫描仪和前额皮质的激活重叠区域中被给予一项工作记忆任务(n-back)，并将确定情绪调节任务。此外，我们还将研究工作记忆容量与自动和自愿情绪调节之间的关系。最后，使用来自威斯康星家庭和工作研究的样本，我们将检验情绪调节方面的个体差异与精神病理学症状和诊断之间的关系。我们还将把情绪调节的神经和心理生理学措施与已经收集到的关于这些参与者的纵向数据语料库联系起来。这项工作将为情感风格的神经生物学提供重要的新信息。这些新数据将进一步加深我们对情感加工的内在表型的理解，这些内在表型与精神病理学的易感性有关。 公共卫生相关性：情绪和焦虑症的脆弱性似乎至少在一定程度上取决于一个人调节自己情绪的能力。在负面事件发生后恢复并重新评估情况以使其不那么具有威胁性的能力，对于对环境做出适应性反应是非常有益的。这个项目专注于确定大脑机制，这些机制决定了我们调节情绪的能力，既下调了我们的负面情绪，也上调了我们的积极情绪。这项工作对开发治疗情绪和焦虑症的新的心理和药物治疗方法具有重要意义。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revision of the competing continuation of R01-MH43454. This application seeks five additional years of support to continue the PI's research program on the neural substrates of affective style and emotion regulation. Individual differences in affective style and emotion regulation determine variation in stress responsivity and vulnerability to mood, anxiety and externalizing disorders. The broad goal of this application is to further understand the neural circuitry underlying individual differences in emotion regulation and to determine the relation between the neural bases and biobehavioral correlates of voluntary and automatic forms of the regulation of negative and positive affect. Work is proposed that also extends this work to late adolescents who are part of a longitudinal sample that we have been following with imaging and behavioral measures for the past 5 years and on whom we have behavioral and hormonal data since birth. One major study will examine relations between voluntary and automatic regulation of both negative and positive emotion to determine if skill in one predicts skill in the others, and to determine if there is overlapping or orthogonal neural substrates of each, including activation and connectivity measures. We will specifically address the question of whether participants who are skilled at down-regulating negative affect are also skilled at upregulating positive affect. As part of this study, we will also examine relations between the regulation of picture-induced negative affect and thermal pain-induced negative affect. Another study will examine relations between individual differences in working memory (WM) capacity and emotion regulation. In addition to tasks assessing emotion regulation, participants will be given a working memory task (n-back) in the scanner and activated regions of overlap in the prefrontal cortex during the WM and emotion regulation tasks will be determined. In addition, we will examine relations between working memory capacity and automatic and voluntary emotion regulation. Finally, using a sample derived from the Wisconsin Study of Families and Work, we will examine relations between individual differences in emotion regulation and symptoms and diagnoses of psychopathology. We will also relate neural and psychophysiological measures of emotion regulation to the longitudinal corpus of data already collected on these participants. This work will provide critical new information on the neurobiology of affective style. These new data will further our understanding of endophenotypes of affective processing that are associated with vulnerability to psychopathology. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Vulnerability to mood and anxiety disorders appears to be at least in part determined by a person's capacity to regulate his or her emotions. The ability to recover following a negative event and to reappraise a situation to make it less threatening is of great benefit in adaptively responding to the environment. This project is focused on identifying the brain mechanisms that determine our ability to regulate our emotions, both to down-regulate our negative emotions and to upregulate our positive emotions. This work has significant implications for developing new psychological and pharmacological treatments for mood and anxiety disorders.