The plasticity of well-being: A research network to define, measure and promote human flourishing

福祉的可塑性：定义、衡量和促进人类繁荣的研究网络

• 批准号: 10151850
• 负责人: Richard J Davidson
• 金额: $ 62.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10151850
• 关键词: Area; Attention; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Cellular Phone; Communities; Computers; Consensus; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Distal; Drug abuse; Elements; Emotional; Engineering; Face; Future; Gold; Grant; Health; Human; Humanities; Individual Differences; Institution; Interruption; Literature; Measurement; Measures; Mental Depression; Methodology; Mind; Modernization; Neurosciences; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Pilot Projects; Plague; Population Biology; Prevention strategy; Program Evaluation; Psychology; Publications; Questionnaires; Randomized Controlled Trials; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Risk; Sampling; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Specific qualifier value; Subgroup; Techniques; Technology; To specify; Training; Well in self; Work; base; computer science; cost; digital; disorder prevention; indexing; learning strategy; mHealth; machine learning algorithm; meetings; member; mindfulness meditation; multidisciplinary; novel; physical conditioning; population health; prevent; programs; psychologic; response; skill acquisition; social; standard measure; technology development; tool; virtual; web site

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This U24 application is written in response to RFA-AT-20-003 to establish a high-priority research network on emotional well-being (EWB). While psychological research on well-being has dramatically increased over the past 15 years, virtually all of this work has been descriptive and has not emphasized the “how” of well-being: How might well-being be cultivated? In addition, virtually all of the extant work on the correlates of individual differences in well-being has used responses on retrospective questionnaires as the primary tool to assess well-being. While there have been exciting findings, particularly relating individual differences in well-being to various indices of physical health, many questions remain and methodological limitations plague the validity of this work. This U24 network will assemble a highly multi-disciplinary group of 10 investigators across 3 (or more in the future) institutions to significantly advance our understanding of the “how” of EWB, identify the core plastic constituents of EWB, specify and/or develop robust measures of these constituents at biological, behavioral and experiential levels of analysis and characterize the plasticity of these constituents. The measurement strategy will ultimately focus on the development of technology-based passive measures of EWB that require no explicit user input and are highly scalable. The network will also focus its efforts on the development and evaluation of programs to train EWB and will assess whether such programs might serve as prevention strategies. The network will consist of scientists and scholars from a broad range of fields including psychology, neuroscience, electrical and computer engineering, population health and biology, computer science and the humanities. These scientists and scholars will focus on the following major aims: Aim 1: To arrive at a core consensus of the minimal set of constituents that can be described and measured at biological, behavioral and experiential levels that constitute the plastic elements of EWB and to specify already existing measures and /or develop novel measures of each of these constructs at each level of analysis. Aim 2: Using the active measures described in Aim 1, to develop passive measures using digital technologies of at least two of the core constituents of well-being. Aim 3: To develop pilot projects specifically focusing on prevention strategies for learning well-being in various samples. The network will train new investigators and bring established investigators into this new field, disseminate a framework for understanding the plasticity of well- being, a toolbox of measures for assessing the plasticity of components of well-being, and several pilot datasets that showcase the novel passive and field-friendly biological measures. In these ways, the network will dramatically accelerate progress in the nascent field of EWB.

项目概要/摘要 此 U24 申请是根据 RFA-AT-20-003 编写的，旨在建立一个高优先级研究网络 情绪健康（EWB）。尽管关于幸福感的心理学研究近年来急剧增加 过去 15 年里，几乎所有这些工作都是描述性的，并没有强调“如何”获得幸福： 如何培养幸福感？此外，几乎所有现有的关于个体相关性的工作 福祉差异使用回顾性调查问卷的答复作为评估的主要工具 福利。虽然有一些令人兴奋的发现，特别是将个体幸福感差异与 身体健康的各种指标，仍然存在许多问题，方法上的局限性困扰着其有效性 这项工作。该 U24 网络将组建一个由 10 名研究人员组成的高度多学科小组，横跨 3 个（或 未来会更多）机构来显着增进我们对 EWB“如何”的理解，确定核心 EWB 的塑料成分，在生物、 行为和经验层面的分析并表征这些成分的可塑性。这 测量战略最终将侧重于开发基于技术的被动测量 EWB 不需要明确的用户输入并且具有高度可扩展性。该网络还将重点致力于 制定和评估 EWB 培训计划，并将评估此类计划是否可以作为 预防策略。该网络将由来自广泛领域的科学家和学者组成，包括 心理学、神经科学、电气和计算机工程、人口健康和生物学、计算机 科学和人文学科。这些科学家和学者将重点关注以下主要目标： 目标 1： 就可以在生物学上描述和测量的最小成分集达成核心共识， 构成 EWB 的可塑性元素并指定已经存在的行为和体验水平 在每个分析级别上测量和/或开发每个结构的新测量方法。目标 2：使用 目标 1 中描述的主动措施，利用至少两种数字技术制定被动措施 福祉的核心要素。目标 3：制定专门针对预防的试点项目 在不同样本中学习幸福感的策略。该网络将培训新的调查人员并带来 建立了这个新领域的研究人员，传播了一个框架来理解良好的可塑性 是，评估福祉组成部分可塑性的措施工具箱，以及几个试点 展示新颖的被动和现场友好的生物措施的数据集。通过这些方式，网络 将极大地加速 EWB 新兴领域的进展。