Genomics of complex speciation between Drosophila simulans and D. mauritiana

模拟果蝇和毛里求斯果蝇之间复杂物种形成的基因组学

• 批准号: 8295544
• 负责人: Daniel William Garrigan
• 金额: $ 38.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-15 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8295544
• 关键词: Address; Age; Animals; Attention; Chromosome Mapping; Complex; DNA Resequencing; Data; Data Set; Demography; Development; Drosophila genus; Event; Female; Frequencies; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Drift; Genetic Models; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Haplotypes; Human; Hybrids; Infertility; Island; Link; Madagascar; Male Sterility; Maps; Mauritius; Methods; Mitochondria; Modeling; Molecular Genetics; Molecular Target; Natural History; Natural Selections; Nuclear; Pattern; Platelet Factor 4; Play; Population; Population Genetics; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Research; Resolution; Resources; Role; Rosa; Sister; Spatial Distribution; Statistical Methods; Sterility; System; Testing; Time; Work; X Chromosome; autosome; base; experience; functional genomics; genetic analysis; genetic resource; genome sequencing; genome-wide; genome-wide analysis; human population genetics; insight; next generation; novel; reproductive

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The work proposed here will integrate divergence population genomics and high-resolution genetics to dissect the historical and functional aspects of complex speciation between Drosophila mauritiana and its sister species, D. simulans. Since splitting ~250,000 years ago the two species have evolved complete hybrid male sterility in both directions of the cross and yet show clear evidence for recent secondary contact with gene flow (hybrid females are fertile). The goal of this project is to obtain a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of natural selection and gene flow between these partially reproductively isolated species that is informed by a fine-scale genome-wide map of hybrid incompatibility factors. The project anticipates a massive dataset currently in development: high-coverage whole-genome next-generation resequence data from 10 lines of Drosophila mauritiana and 20 lines of D. simulans. The project has two complementary components. First, novel computational and statistical inference methods will be developed for whole-genome evolutionary analysis of species divergence. Second, newly developed functional genetic resources will be used to construct a high-resolution genome-wide map of D. simulans genetic factors that cause hybrid incompatibilities in an otherwise D. mauritiana genomic background; 2-4 of these factors will be targeted for molecular identification and functional characterization. The two components will be integrated to: (1) test if incompatible regions of the genome are enriched for signatures of positive selection and/or show reduced propensity for interspecific gene flow; and (2) determine why, and the physical genomic extent to which, the X chromosome plays a seemingly special role in animal speciation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The statistical methods of genome analysis developed during the course of this work can (and will) be applied to analyses of human population genetic history. Our analysis of X-linked hybrid male sterility in a model genetic system may yield insights into the functional and molecular genetic basis of human infertility.

描述（由申请人提供）：此处提出的工作将整合差异种群基因组学和高分辨率遗传学，以剖析果蝇毛里求斯果蝇与其姐妹物种D. simulans之间复杂形成的历史和功能方面。由于分裂了〜250，000年前，这两个物种已经在十字架的两个方向上演变出了完全混合男性的无菌性，但仍显示出明确的证据证明最近与基因流动的继发接触（杂交雌性是肥沃的）。该项目的目的是获得对这些部分生殖分离的物种之间自然选择和基因流的全面分析，该物种由杂种不兼容因子的精细尺度全基因组图所告知。该项目预计目前正在开发的大量数据集：高覆盖的全基因组下一代重新恢复数据来自果蝇毛鲁蒂亚纳的10行和20行D. simulans。该项目有两个互补的组件。首先，将开发新的计算和统计推断方法，用于物种差异的全基因组进化分析。其次，新开发的功能遗传资源将用于构建D. simulans遗传因子的高分辨率全基因组图，该图在否则D. Mauritiana基因组背景中引起混合不相容性；这些因素中的2-4将针对分子鉴定和功能表征。这两个组件将集成到：（1）测试基因组的不兼容区域是否富含阳性选择的签名和/或显示出种间基因流动的倾向降低； （2）确定原因以及X染色体在动物物种形成中看似特殊的作用的物理基因组程度。 公共卫生相关性：在这项工作过程中开发的基因组分析的统计方法可以（并且将）用于人口遗传史的分析。我们对模型遗传系统中X连锁杂交男性无菌性的分析可能会洞悉人类不育的功能和分子遗传基础。