Poxvirus Assembly

有两种主要类型的感染性牛痘病毒颗粒：成熟病毒体（MV）和包膜病毒体（EV）。MV由脂蛋白膜包围的DNA-蛋白质核心组成，在细胞质病毒工厂中组装，含有约80种多肽。MV亚群被含有额外病毒膜蛋白的修饰的反式高尔基体或内体池包裹，沿沿着微管转运至细胞外周，并通过质膜离开细胞。EV基本上是具有额外膜的MV，该膜在MV与细胞融合之前在进入期间被破坏。最具挑战性的问题之一是未成熟病毒体的初始病毒膜是如何形成的。利用生物化学，遗传学和显微镜的方法，我们已经获得的证据表明，内质网是病毒膜的来源，并确定了几个病毒蛋白参与这一过程。

There are two major types of infectious vaccinia virus particles: mature virions (MVs) and enveloped virions (EVs). The MVs, which consist of a DNA-protein core surrounded by a lipoprotein membrane, are assembled in cytoplasmic viral factories and contain about 80 polypeptides. A subpopulation of MVs is wrapped by modified trans-Golgi or endosomal cisterna containing additional viral membrane proteins, transported along microtubules to the cell periphery, and exits the cell through the plasma membrane. The EVs are essentially MVs with an additional membrane that is disrupted prior to fusion of the MV with the cell during entry. One of the most challenging questions is how the initial viral membrane of the immature virion is formed. Using biochemical, genetic and microscopic approaches, we have obtained evidence that the endoplasmic reticulum is the source of the viral membrane and have identified several viral proteins involved in this process.