Smoking Cessation Contracts with Social and Monetary Incentives

具有社会和金钱激励的戒烟合同

• 批准号: 8483234
• 负责人: William Hatfield Dow
• 金额: $ 44.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8483234
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Affect; Agreement; Area; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Binding; Characteristics; Clinic; Clinical; Contracts; Counseling; Country; Deposition; Economics; Effectiveness; Elements; Enrollment; Exercise; Failure; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Incentives; Income; Individual; Intervention; Literature; Marshal; Measures; Medical; Methodology; Methods; Participant; Pathway interactions; Peer Pressure; Persons; Philippines; Pilot Projects; Preventive; Price; Professional counselor; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Relative (related person); Research Design; Resources; Rewards; Rural Community; Sampling; Scheme; Scientist; Self-control as a personality trait; Services; Smoker; Smoking; Social Network; Social support; Structure; Taxes; Testing; Thailand; Tobacco; Training; Variant; Workplace; arm; attributable mortality; base; behavior change; cost; cost effective; design; financial incentive; follow-up; group counseling; improved; innovation; interest; meetings; member; novel; pressure; programs; public health relevance; public policy on tobacco; randomized trial; smoking cessation; social; success; theories; treatment effect

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Smoking cessation services are not widely available in many low-resource settings, because trained counselors are scarce, and pharmacological approaches are priced beyond the reach of many smokers. The problem is especially acute in low- and middle-income countries, where most tobacco-attributable deaths occur. The proposed study tests a set of novel, low-cost behavioral approaches for smoking cessation in large workplaces in Thailand. The main approach, drawn from behavioral economics, is a commitment contract, an agreement whereby individuals bind themselves to achieve a goal in order to maintain self-control. Specifically, a participating smoker deposits money that is returned only if the person quits successfully. The study cross-randomizes commitment contracts for smoking cessation with two elements to promote behavior change: financial and social incentives. We propose to conduct and evaluate a randomized controlled trial with a 3-month intervention and follow- ups at 3, 6, and 12 months in a sample of 3,200 smokers across 100 firms. The study will track an additional 4,800 smokers from the same firms who choose not to participate in the intervention. The proposed intervention randomly assigns participants to one of four types of commitment contract, including no contract, and to one of three levels of cash bonus for quitting, including no bonus. The contracts are structured such that some participants receive a cash bonus for quitting; others are randomly assigned to a two-person team and receive a cash bonus only if both members quit; and others have a choice between the two incentive schemes. The factorial design will permit the identification of the effect of several causal mechanisms on quitting: financial commitment, peer pressure, social support, and monetary rewards. The study will provide some of the first evidence on the value of supplementing a basic commitment contract with cash rewards and social commitment. The study further compares the cost per quitter of each type of commitment contract to standard clinical approaches for smoking cessation. In so doing, the study will inform policymakers about a set of novel, inexpensive ways to promote good health behaviors.

描述（由申请人提供）：在许多资源匮乏的环境中，戒烟服务并未广泛提供，因为训练有素的咨询师很少，而且药物方法的价格超出了许多吸烟者的承受能力。这个问题在低收入和中等收入国家尤其严重，大多数因烟草造成的死亡都发生在这些国家。拟议的研究在泰国大型工作场所测试了一套新颖、低成本的戒烟行为方法。主要方法来自行为经济学，是承诺契约，这是个人约束自己实现目标以保持自我控制的协议。具体来说，参与的吸烟者存入资金，只有在成功戒烟后才会退还。该研究将戒烟承诺合同交叉随机化，其中包含两个促进行为改变的要素：经济激励和社会激励。 我们建议开展并评估一项随机对照试验，对 100 家公司的 3,200 名吸烟者进行为期 3 个月的干预和 3、6 和 12 个月的随访。该研究将追踪来自同一家公司的另外 4,800 名选择不参与干预的吸烟者。拟议的干预措施将参与者随机分配给四种类型的承诺合同之一（包括无合同），以及三种戒烟奖金级别之一（包括无奖金）。合同的结构使得一些参与者因退出而获得现金奖励；其他人被随机分配到两人团队，只有当两名成员退出时才能获得现金奖励；其他人则可以在两种激励计划之间进行选择。因子设计将允许识别几种因果机制对戒烟的影响：财务承诺、同伴压力、社会支持和金钱奖励。该研究将提供一些初步证据，证明用现金奖励和社会承诺补充基本承诺合同的价值。该研究进一步将每种类型的承诺合同的每位戒烟者的成本与标准临床戒烟方法进行了比较。通过这样做，该研究将为政策制定者提供一系列新颖、廉价的方法来促进良好的健康行为。