Heterosexual Black females: Socialization and HIV risks in scripts and practices

描述（由申请人提供）：此应用程序扩展并建立在题为“低收入异性恋黑人男性中的多重性伙伴关系和艾滋病毒风险”（R 01 HD 059706）的母项目中出现的调查结果的基础上。对低收入黑人男性的研究表明，许多低收入黑人女性也有多个伴侣，并表明男性和女性剧本可能以重要方式相互作用，增加或减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病和其他性传播感染的风险。该项目旨在了解未充分研究的潜在动力和背景，因此经常被误解的性行为的社会和文化决定因素，这些决定因素通常发生在贫困，内城，黑人异性恋女性吸毒者中。大量证据表明，沿着吸毒和/或贩毒，拥有多个性伴侣是黑人男性和女性感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病和性传播感染的一个重要风险因素。其他研究证实了父母研究的结果，即低收入的非洲裔美国女性也倾向于有多个伴侣，但很少有研究专门关注这些女性。了解妇女与多个男性伴侣进行性谈判时使用的脚本-以及男女如何看待彼此的脚本-有可能提供针对性强、有效的预防信息和干预措施。 该项目将采用性脚本理论，以更好地科学理解促进多个性伴侣的亚文化模式。该项目的目标将保持与家长研究的目标相同：A（性社会化）：分析在取向家庭和同龄人中观察到的性规范和脚本，这些规范和脚本可能导致边缘化的异性恋黑人女性成年后有多个性伴侣。B（性骚扰）：记录黑人异性恋女性中与多重性伙伴关系相关的吸毒和各种性脚本在增加艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险方面的作用。C（更安全的性行为）：研究边缘化的异性恋黑人女性如何以及是否理解和选择性伴侣，并与多个性伴侣进行更安全的性行为。 该项目将遵循与母赠款相同的调查方法。我们会举办15个焦点小组，共有120人参加。我们将招募150名焦点受试者，他们将报告不同的多重性伙伴关系模式（重叠和/或顺序），并将参加为期三年的研究。内部对照组将包括目前一夫一妻制和性活跃的妇女与多个合作伙伴的历史。综合纵向人种学方法将涉及深入的定性访谈，内容涉及这些妇女的性伴侣和做法，以及她们为证明多个伴侣的合理性而偏好的脚本，沿着对她们家庭和社区中的焦点主题的直接观察。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application extends and builds upon findings emerging from the parent project entitled "Multiple Sexual Partnering & HIV Risks among Low Income Heterosexual Black Men" (R01 HD059706). That research with low-income black men reveals that many low-income black females also have multiple partners and suggests that male and female scripts may interact in important ways to increase or reduce the risk of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. This project seeks to understand the underlying dynamics and context of understudied and consequently frequently misunderstood social and cultural determinants of sexual behavior which commonly occurs among poor, inner-city, black heterosexual females who use drugs. Extensive evidence documents that along with drug use and/or sales, having multiple sexual partners is an important risk factor for HIV/AIDS and STI infection for black males and black females. Other studies corroborate findings from the parent study that low-income African American females also tend to have multiple partners, but few studies focus on these women exclusively. Understanding the scripts women use to negotiate sex with multiple male partners - and the ways in which men and women perceive each other's scripts - holds potential for informing highly targeted, effective prevention messages and interventions. The project will employ sexual scripts theory to develop a better scientific understanding of the subculture patterns which promote multiple sexual partners. The aims of this project will remain the same as those of the parent study: A (Sexual Socialization): To analyze the sexual norms and scripts observed and learned in the family of orientation and from peers that may result in multiple sexual partners in adulthood among marginalized heterosexual black females. B (Sexual Scripts): To document the role of drug use and various sexual scripts associated with multiple sexual partnering among black heterosexual females that contribute to HIV/AIDS risk. C (Practices for Safer Sex): To examine how and if marginalized heterosexual black females understand and selectively choose sex partners and practice safer sex with multiple sexual partners. This project will follow the same methodological process of investigation as that of the parent grant. We will conduct 15 focus groups involving 120 participants. We will recruit 150 focal subjects who will report different patterns of multiple sexual partnerships (overlapping and/or sequential) and will participate in three years of research. Internal comparison groups will include currently monogamous and sexually inactive women with histories of multiple partners. The omnibus longitudinal ethnographic approach will involve in-depth qualitative interviews about these women's sexual partners and practices and their preferred scripts for justifying multiple partners, along with direct observations of the focl subjects in their households and communities.