Brain mechanisms supporting the generalization of learned fear
支持习得性恐惧泛化的大脑机制
基本信息
- 批准号:8196291
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 2.73万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2010
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2010-11-16 至 2012-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AccountingAffectAmygdaloid structureAnimalsAnxiety DisordersAreaAversive StimulusBehaviorBehavior TherapyBehavioralBiological ModelsBrainBrain regionCategoriesClinicalCognitiveComplexConditioned StimulusCuesDimensionsDiseaseEmotionalEmotionsEventFacial ExpressionFrightFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingGalvanic Skin ResponseGoalsHeart RateHippocampus (Brain)HumanImageIndividualIndividual DifferencesInferiorInvestigationKnowledgeLeadLearningLiteratureMeasurementMeasuresMediatingMental disordersMethodsModelingNatureNeurobiologyOrganismParticipantPerceptionPost-Traumatic Stress DisordersProceduresProcessPsychophysiologyPublic HealthRelative (related person)ResearchResearch TrainingSemanticsSensorySensory ProcessShockSpecific PhobiaSpecificityStimulusTemporal LobeTimebasebiobehaviorbrain behaviorclassical conditioningclinical anxietycognitive neuroscienceconditioned fearconditioningdesigndisorder preventionexecutive functionimaging modalityinsightneuroimagingnovelnovel strategiesoperationpaired stimulipreconditioningpsychologicpublic health relevancerelating to nervous systemresponse
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A primary goal in conditioned learning research is to understand the principles underlying how organisms acquire and express learned behaviors. Pavlovian fear conditioning, for instance, has served as a model system for the study of how humans learn to fear otherwise innocuous stimuli through the process of contingency learning between a neutral cue and a biologically aversive stimulus. Significant progress has been made in unraveling the neurobiological basis of fear learning, and recent advances in cognitive neuroscience have informed behavioral treatments for clinical anxiety disorders ranging from specific phobias to posttraumatic stress disorder. The Specific Aims within this proposal are designed to extend knowledge of the behavioral and brain mechanisms involved in human fear learning by directly investigating processes supporting the generalization of learned fears. These investigations will explore how humans generalize to neutral objects that approximate a feared stimulus using psychophysiology and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods. We will uncover the biobehavioral and brain mechanisms involved in generalizing fear in the attempt to better characterize clinical disorders marked by exaggerated fear responses to neutral cues. In these studies, participants will learn that a particular object is fear relevant using Pavlovian fear conditioning methods. Subsequently, participants will be exposed to a range of objects that deviate from the fear conditioned object along a dimension of perceptual similarity (Aim 1) or semantic relatedness (Aim 2 and Aim 3). Individual differences in fear generalization will be assessed by constraining our interpretations of brain activity with behavioral psychophysiology measures. Furthermore, a primary goal in all three Aims is to investigate not only how humans generalize fear, but also learn to control fear responses to objects that are perceptually or conceptually related to a feared stimulus.
PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research contributes to a greater understanding of mental health disorders marked by heightened expression of fear. These neuroimaging investigations attempt to uncover the brain mechanisms supporting the generalization of fear from a known fear-relevant stimulus to emotionally neutral stimuli that approximate the feared stimulus, either perceptually or semantically. A greater recognition of how generalization modulates the cognitive processes involved in fear expression will strengthen understanding of certain mental health disorders (e.g. specific phobias and posttraumatic stress disorder) and may lead to model systems important for the treatment and prevention of these disorders.
描述(申请人提供):条件学习研究的一个主要目标是了解生物体如何获得和表达学习行为的基本原则。例如,巴甫洛夫恐惧条件反射(Pavlovian fear conditioning)就是研究人类如何通过在中性线索和生物厌恶刺激之间的偶然性学习过程,学会恐惧原本无害的刺激的模型系统。在揭示恐惧学习的神经生物学基础方面已经取得了重大进展,认知神经科学的最新进展为临床焦虑症的行为治疗提供了信息,从特定的恐惧症到创伤后应激障碍。本提案中的具体目标旨在通过直接调查支持习得性恐惧泛化的过程来扩展人类恐惧学习中涉及的行为和大脑机制的知识。这些研究将探索人类如何使用心理生理学和功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)方法来概括接近恐惧刺激的中性物体。我们将揭示参与概括恐惧的生物行为和大脑机制,试图更好地描述以中性线索夸大恐惧反应为标志的临床疾病。在这些研究中,参与者将学习到一个特定的对象是恐惧相关的巴甫洛夫恐惧条件反射方法。随后,参与者将被暴露于一系列的对象,偏离的恐惧条件对象沿着感知相似性(目标1)或语义相关性(目标2和目标3)的维度。恐惧泛化的个体差异将通过限制我们对大脑活动的解释与行为心理生理学措施进行评估。此外,所有三个目标的主要目标不仅是研究人类如何概括恐惧,而且还要学会控制对与恐惧刺激在感知或概念上相关的物体的恐惧反应。
公共卫生相关性:拟议中的研究有助于更好地了解以高度表达恐惧为特征的心理健康障碍。这些神经影像学研究试图揭示支持恐惧从已知的恐惧相关刺激泛化为情感中性刺激的大脑机制,这些刺激在感知或语义上近似于恐惧刺激。更好地认识到泛化如何调节恐惧表达所涉及的认知过程,将加强对某些心理健康障碍(例如特定恐惧症和创伤后应激障碍)的理解,并可能导致对治疗和预防这些障碍非常重要的模型系统。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Joseph Edward Dunsmoor其他文献
Joseph Edward Dunsmoor的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Joseph Edward Dunsmoor', 18)}}的其他基金
Localizing and modulating competing memories of fear and safety in the human brain
定位和调节人脑中关于恐惧和安全的竞争记忆
- 批准号:
10555253 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 2.73万 - 项目类别:
Localizing and modulating competing memories of fear and safety in the human brain
定位和调节人脑中关于恐惧和安全的竞争记忆
- 批准号:
10329994 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 2.73万 - 项目类别:
Improving the Control of Fear: Healthy Adults to Pathological Anxiety
改善恐惧的控制:健康成年人应对病理性焦虑
- 批准号:
9405940 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 2.73万 - 项目类别:
Improving the control of fear: healthy adults to pathological anxiety
改善恐惧的控制:健康成年人走向病理性焦虑
- 批准号:
9054175 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 2.73万 - 项目类别:
Improving the control of fear: healthy adults to pathological anxiety
改善恐惧的控制:健康成年人走向病理性焦虑
- 批准号:
8870070 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 2.73万 - 项目类别:
Brain mechanisms supporting the generalization of learned fear
支持习得性恐惧泛化的大脑机制
- 批准号:
8060105 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 2.73万 - 项目类别:
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