Improving the control of fear: healthy adults to pathological anxiety
改善恐惧的控制:健康成年人走向病理性焦虑
基本信息
- 批准号:9054175
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 8.49万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2015
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2015-04-15 至 2017-03-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AdultAffectAmericanAmygdaloid structureAnimalsAnxietyAnxiety DisordersAttentionAwardBehavioralBiological ModelsBrainCategoriesClinicalClinical ResearchClinical TreatmentComputer SimulationDiseaseEffectivenessEnvironmentEtiologyEventExhibitsExtinction (Psychology)FailureFosteringFrightFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingGeneralized Anxiety DisorderGoalsHealthHippocampus (Brain)HumanIndividualIndividual DifferencesInvestigationKnowledgeLaboratory ResearchLearningLiteratureMaintenanceMeasuresMemoryMental disordersMentorsMeta-AnalysisMethodsModelingMotivationNeurosciencesObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPanic DisorderParticipantPathological anxietyPathologyPathway interactionsPatientsPhasePhobiasPopulationPositioning AttributePost-Traumatic Stress DisordersPostdoctoral FellowPrefrontal CortexPrevalenceProceduresPsychopathologyPsychophysiologyRecoveryRegulationRelapseResearchResearch ProposalsResearch TrainingRetrievalRiskScientistSeveritiesStagingSymptomsSystemTechniquesTestingTherapeuticTherapeutic InterventionTimeTrainingTranslationsbasebiobehaviorcareerclassical conditioningclinical anxietyclinically relevantconditioned fearhealthy volunteerimprovedinnovationinterdisciplinary collaborationlearning extinctionmemory retrievalneural correlateneurobehavioralneuroimagingneuromechanismnovelpreventrelating to nervous systemresiliencetheoriestoolvirtual reality
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this Pathway to Independence Award is to support new mentored training in the control of fear and clinical research, as the candidate transitions from a postdoc position to an independent research career specializing in translation of new experimental techniques to improve the control of fear from healthy adults to anxiety pathologies. Anxiety pathologies are the most common mental illness, with a 12-month prevalence estimate of about 40 million American adults. Theoretical and technical aspects of fear conditioning continue to provide a valuable model to characterize and understand the etiology, maintenance, and treatment for pathologies of fear and anxiety. An example in the treatment domain is exposure therapy, which is based on the principles of extinction. However, prominent learning theory models have long recognized the shortcomings of extinction as a therapeutic tool; extinction is a fragile form of learning that fails to generalize, and fear behavors tend to return over time. Clinical research in the past two decades has revealed serious deficits in the ability to control fear expression following extinction across anxiety disorder categories, including posttraumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, and phobias. Laboratory research on the limits to extinction can describe why many severe fears and anxieties relapse following clinical treatment. Accordingly, there is strong motivation to develop innovative behavioral techniques to improve the control of fear so that maladaptive fears and anxieties are more responsive to treatment and less prone to relapse. Yet, systematic neurobehavioral research on novel techniques to improve the control of fear in humans has received limited attention. During the mentored phase of this proposal, the candidate will incorporate new training on theoretical, technical, and empirical aspects of fear extinction to test new behavioral techniques to improve the control of fear in healthy adults using combination functional magnetic resonance imaging and psychophysiology methods. Aim 1 looks to override maladaptive threat associations by introducing surprising, novel, non-threat associations to the participant. Aim 2 looks to promote the generalizability of extinction learning by conducting extinction under multiple different virtul reality contexts. The R00 project will carry forward this knowledge to investigate these two new experimental tasks in clinical anxiety populations characterized by the inability to control fear expression following standard extinction procedures. Research in clinical populations will be fostered by new supervised training in clinical research developed during the mentored phase. The research proposed here has the potential to advance biological models of psychopathology, establish neurobehavioral risk/resilience factors for disorders of fear and anxiety, and ultimately
contribute to innovative and more effective therapeutic interventions for pathological anxiety. This Pathway to Independence Award lays the groundwork for the candidate to achieve these research and training goals, and to develop interdisciplinary collaborations with clinical research
experts at an early stage of his career.
描述(由申请人提供):这个独立之路奖的目的是支持在恐惧和临床研究的控制新的指导培训,作为候选人从博士后职位过渡到独立的研究生涯,专门从事新的实验技术的翻译,以改善从健康成人到焦虑病理的恐惧控制。焦虑症是最常见的精神疾病,12个月的患病率估计约为4000万美国成年人。恐惧条件反射的理论和技术方面继续提供了一个有价值的模型来表征和理解恐惧和焦虑的病因,维持和治疗。治疗领域的一个例子是暴露疗法,它基于消光原理。然而,著名的学习理论模型早就认识到了消退作为治疗工具的缺点;消退是一种脆弱的学习形式,无法概括,恐惧消退者往往会随着时间的推移而回归。过去二十年的临床研究表明,在焦虑症类别(包括创伤后应激障碍、惊恐障碍和恐惧症)消失后,控制恐惧表达的能力存在严重缺陷。关于灭绝极限的实验室研究可以解释为什么许多严重的恐惧和焦虑在临床治疗后复发。因此,有强烈的动机开发创新的行为技术,以改善恐惧的控制,使适应不良的恐惧和焦虑更容易对治疗作出反应,不易复发。然而,关于改善人类恐惧控制的新技术的系统神经行为研究受到的关注有限。 在该提案的指导阶段,候选人将纳入关于恐惧消退的理论,技术和经验方面的新培训,以测试新的行为技术,以改善健康成年人使用功能性磁共振成像和心理生理学方法的恐惧控制。目标1通过向参与者引入令人惊讶的、新颖的、非威胁性的关联来覆盖适应不良的威胁关联。目标2旨在通过在多个不同的虚拟现实环境下进行灭绝来促进灭绝学习的普遍性。R 00项目将继承这一知识,在临床焦虑人群中研究这两项新的实验任务,这些人群的特征是在标准消退程序后无法控制恐惧表达。临床人群的研究将通过指导阶段开发的新的临床研究监督培训来促进。这里提出的研究有可能推进精神病理学的生物模型,建立恐惧和焦虑障碍的神经行为风险/弹性因素,并最终
有助于创新和更有效的治疗干预病理性焦虑。这个独立之路奖为候选人实现这些研究和培训目标奠定了基础,并与临床研究发展跨学科合作
在他职业生涯的早期阶段。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Do salient features overshadow learning of other features in category learning?
- DOI:10.1037/xan0000139
- 发表时间:2017-07
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Murphy GL;Dunsmoor JE
- 通讯作者:Dunsmoor JE
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Joseph Edward Dunsmoor其他文献
Joseph Edward Dunsmoor的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Joseph Edward Dunsmoor', 18)}}的其他基金
Localizing and modulating competing memories of fear and safety in the human brain
定位和调节人脑中关于恐惧和安全的竞争记忆
- 批准号:
10555253 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 8.49万 - 项目类别:
Localizing and modulating competing memories of fear and safety in the human brain
定位和调节人脑中关于恐惧和安全的竞争记忆
- 批准号:
10329994 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 8.49万 - 项目类别:
Improving the Control of Fear: Healthy Adults to Pathological Anxiety
改善恐惧的控制:健康成年人应对病理性焦虑
- 批准号:
9405940 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 8.49万 - 项目类别:
Improving the control of fear: healthy adults to pathological anxiety
改善恐惧的控制:健康成年人走向病理性焦虑
- 批准号:
8870070 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 8.49万 - 项目类别:
Brain mechanisms supporting the generalization of learned fear
支持习得性恐惧泛化的大脑机制
- 批准号:
8196291 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 8.49万 - 项目类别:
Brain mechanisms supporting the generalization of learned fear
支持习得性恐惧泛化的大脑机制
- 批准号:
8060105 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 8.49万 - 项目类别:
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