Photophobia during migraine: sensory, autonomic and emotional responses to light

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的广泛目的是鉴定导致偏头痛患者在发作期间在黑暗中寻求避难所以试图逃避他们所描述的"当我暴露于光时，我的头更疼，我感觉更糟"的神经机制。长期目标是确定偏头痛期间光对感觉，情感和自主神经功能的影响（人类研究），并发现光改变这些功能的神经通路（动物研究）。导致这项拨款建议是多年来听取病人的证词，告诉我们，接触不同的， 与盲人和色盲偏头痛患者相比，这种光可以引发视力正常的偏头痛患者的不同症状。根据我们所听到的，我们假设光引起的头痛加剧是偏头痛患者在偏头痛期间寻求黑暗的原因之一，并且不同颜色的光有能力引发不同的神经症状。从机制上讲，我们假设在偏头痛期间，介导感觉、情绪和自主神经对疼痛的不同方面反应的脑区域中的神经元的活动通过从三叉神经脊束核和视神经传递给它们的信号被头痛和光调制。在临床研究中，我们将确定不同颜色的光对偏头痛强度及其许多相关症状的影响。两组偏头痛患者（正常视力和视力受损）和一个对照组将暴露于不同强度的白色，蓝色，绿色，黄色和红色光（通过FDA批准的光刺激器）时，他们是无痛和在攻击。数据分析和解释将包括视网膜电图和视觉诱发电位信号（波形）的强度，以及感觉、情感和生理变化的记录。在动物研究中，我们将确定在患者的神经系统症状中发挥作用的神经元是否会受到来自视网膜和相关大脑区域的直接输入。 偏头痛的传播途径这些研究将结合联合收割机对人类受试者的心理物理学观察和对动物的追踪、免疫组织化学、分子和生理学技术。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad objective of this application is to identify neural mechanisms that cause migraineurs to seek sanctuary in the dark during attacks in effort to escape what they describe as "my head hurts more and I feel worse when I am exposed to light". The long-term objectives are to identify the impact of light on sensory, affective and autonomic neurological functions during migraine (human study), and discover the neural pathways through which lights alter these functions (animal study). Leading up to this grant proposal are years of listening to patients' testimonies which taught us that exposure to different kind of lights can trigger different symptoms in migraineurs with normal eyesight as compared to blind and color-blind migraineurs. Based on what we heard, we postulated that exacerbation of headache by light is one of many reasons why migraineus seek the dark during migraine and that different colors of lights have the capacity to trigger different neurological symptoms. Mechanistically, we hypothesized that during migraine, activity of neurons in brain regions that mediate different aspects of sensory, emotional, and autonomic responses to pain is modulated by both headache and light through signals transmitted to them from the spinal trigeminal nucleus and the optic nerve. In the clinical study, we will determine the effects of different colos of light on the intensity of migraine headache and its many associated symptoms. Two groups of migraineurs (normal eyesight and visually-impaired) and a control group will be expose to different intensities of white, blue, green, yellow and red lights (delivered through an FDA-approved photic stimulator) when they are pain-free and during an attack. Data analysis and interpretation will include strength of electroretinography and visual evoked potential signals (waveforms) as well as documentation of sensory, affective and physiological changes. In the animal study, we will determine whether neurons that play a role in the neurological symptoms that are altered by light in patients receive direct input from the retina and brain areas involved in the transmission of migraine headache. These studies will combine psychophysical observations in human subjects with tract-tracing, immunohistochemical, molecular and physiological techniques in animals.