TRIGEMINAL MECHANISMS OF VASCULAR HEAD PAIN

偏头痛和其他形式的血管性头痛是最常见的 常见的医学问题。通常，它与重大变化联系在一起 在情感和生理功能上。这是一种组合 剧烈的头痛和这些带来痛苦和损害的变化 生活质量。尽管从深处产生的痛苦 结构(如颅内血管)一般较大 临床重要性高于皮肤器官引起的疼痛(例如 皮肤)，大多数疼痛研究都集中在皮肤疼痛上。结果, 偏头痛、血管性头痛和其他头痛的神经基础是 知之甚少，极具争议性，因此得不到治疗 恰如其分。早期的研究表明偏头痛和血管 头痛可能是通过痛敏感纤维、脑干和脑干 三叉神经，支配脑血管。然而，因为 关于人的基本生理特性的信息很少 脑血管感觉通路，对其认识极为有限。 为了更好地理解我们最近发现的这种感觉通路 已确定的外周(15个单位)和中枢(10个单位)三叉神经细胞 它们支配静脉窦，记录它们对电信号的反应， 机械和化学刺激，监测它们的持久变化 活动，并将它们的一些轴突投射映射到更高级的大脑 地区。拟议的实验将通过以下方式加深我们的知识 探讨肺炎的检测和传播的生理基础 源自脑血管的伤害性(疼痛)信号。在……里面 在第一项研究中，我们将继续从生理学的角度来描述AAA 支配硬脑膜和鼻窦的初级传入神经元 三叉神经节单个神经元的细胞外记录。 在第二项研究中，我们将确定潜在的 敏化化学刺激对大鼠自发活动和敏感性的影响 这些硬脑膜反应性初级传入神经元通过应用炎性 硬脑膜的中介人。在第三项研究中，我们将继续 三叉神经二级神经元的生理学特征 支配硬脑膜和鼻窦的脑干核团决定了 炎症介质对其活性的影响，并确定其预测 大脑中的靶子。在第四项研究中，我们将确定以下领域 测量伤害性硬脑膜刺激引起的脑活动增加 2-脱氧葡萄糖、c-fos和安替比林。这些研究将提供 关于能够激活AAT的刺激类型的信息 脑血管感觉通路，外周和中枢的作用 维持性血管性头痛的敏感化，大脑区域接受 这种脑血管信息直接，以及大脑的哪些区域 参与了血管性头痛的处理。总而言之，这些研究 对于进一步了解脑出血的神经基础是至关重要的 血管性头痛。

Migraine as well as other forms of vascular headache is among the most common of medical problems. Usually, it is associated with major changes in emotional and physiological functions. And it is the combination of the severe head pain and these changes that bring about suffering and impair the quality of life. In spite of the fact that pain that arises from deep structures (such as intracranial blood vessels) is generally of greater clinical importance than pain that arises from cutaneous organs (such as the skin), most pain research has focused on cutaneous pain. As a result, the neural basis of migraine, vascular headache and other head pains is poorly understood and highly controversial, and therefore not treated appropriately. Earlier studies suggested that migraine and vascular headache may be mediated through pain-sensitive fibers, branches of the trigeminal nerve, that innervate cranial blood vessels. However, because minimal information exists about the basic physiological properties of the craniovascular sensory pathway, understanding of it is extremely limited. To gain a better understanding of this sensory pathway we have recently identified peripheral (15 units) and central (10 units) trigeminal neurons that innervate the venous sinuses, recorded their responses to electrical, mechanical and chemical stimulation, monitored lasting changes in their activity, and mapped some of their axonal projections to higher brain regions. The proposed experiments will further our knowledge by investigating the physiological basis for the detection and transmission of nociceptive (painful) signals that originate in cranial blood vessels. In the first study we will continue to physiologically characterize athe primary afferent neurons that innervate the dura and sinuses by extracellularly recording from single neurons in the trigeminal ganglion. In the second study we will determine the effects of potentially sensitizing chemical stimuli on the spontaneous activity and sensitivity of these dura responsive primary afferent neurons by applying inflammatory mediators to the dura. In the third study we will continue to physiologically characterize the second order neurons in the trigeminal brainstem nuclei that innervate the dura and sinuses, determine the effects of inflammatory mediators on their activity, and identify their projection targets in the brain. In the fourth study we will identify areas of increased brain activity following noxious dural stimulation by measuring 2-deoxyglucose, c-fos and iodoantipyrine. These studies will provide information about the kinds of stimuli capable of activating athe craniovascular sensory pathway, the role of peripheral and central sensitization in maintaining vascular headache, which brain areas receive this craniovascular information directly, and which brain areas are involved in the processing of vascular head pain. Together, these studies are critical for further progress in understanding the neural basis of vascular head pain.