The Ages Study: The Reykjavik Study of Healthy Aging for the New Millennium_NIDCD

NIDCD项目描述：AGES-Reykjavik研究正在研究遗传易感性和基因/环境相互作用，因为这些因素会导致老年人常见的表型，包括听力损失。NIDCD为本研究提供的听力成分和平衡问卷将支持听力学检查，包括耳镜检查、声阻抗（双侧鼓室测量和同侧声反射）和纯音、空气传导听力学，以确定每只耳朵在500、1000、2000、3000、4000、6000和8000hz时的听力阈值。通过先前与国家老龄研究所（NIA）达成的机构内协议，NIDCD资助了约5200名年龄在67至93岁之间的受试者的听力检查，基因/环境易感性；Reykjavik (AGES/Reykjavik I)， 2001年至2006年居住在冰岛雷克雅未克。随后，由NIA和共同赞助的ic （NIDCD、NEI和NINDS）资助的AGES - Reykjavik II， 2007 - 2010（约3500名幸存受试者）进行纵向随访检查。在NIDCD的资助下，对助听器的使用、听力灵敏度的主观评估（包括加劳德特评分）、耳鸣（频率和持续时间）、耳部疾病和手术以及与听力有关的其他因素进行了询问。在2007年至2010年的AGES- rs II中还增加了关于研究参与者（自age I以来）或目前经历的特定头晕/平衡和跌倒问题的问题。为了检查广泛的遗传影响，在现有的AGES数据中确定了一级亲属（即兄弟姐妹和亲子组合）。二度亲属或更远的表兄妹也可以被识别。听力损失遗传学的进一步研究将通过参与广泛的基因组扫描来完成，以确定与特定表型的关联，包括年龄相关的听力损失，这是基于age i的结果确定的。2012年，在随机选择的年龄更小的AGES后代队列（n=500）中进行了听力状况和平衡/头晕问题的后续研究，2013年，这个后代样本将增加大约400名年轻的后代受试者，根据他们父母的基因型和检查结果（表型），他们患阿尔茨海默氏症的风险非常高。这些受试者还将接受听力损失和平衡/头晕测试。其他收集到的AGES受试者及其后代的测量方法包括脑成像、详细的视力检查和许多其他评估。可用的协变量包括：年龄、性别、受教育程度、中年体重、中年体重变化、吸烟史、体力活动、股四头肌力量和握力（由等长肌力测定法确定）、合并症、前5年住院、CRP、空腹血糖和肾小球滤过率或GFR（根据体重指数[BMI]调整）。

NIDCD Project Description: The AGES-Reykjavik Study is examining genetic susceptibility and gene/environment interaction as these contribute to phenotypes common in old age, including hearing loss. The NIDCD funding of the hearing component and balance questionnaires for this study will support audiometric examinations consisting of otoscopy, acoustic immittance (bilateral tympanometry and ipsilateral acoustic reflexes), and pure-tone, air-conduction audiometry to determine hearing thresholds in each ear at 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz. Through a prior IntraAgency Agreement with the National Institute on Aging (NIA), NIDCD funded hearing exams on about 5,200 subjects, aged 67 to 93 years in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility; Reykjavik (AGES/Reykjavik I) in Reykjavik, Iceland from 2001 through 2006. Subsequently, AGES¿Reykjavik II, 2007¿2010 (approximately 3,500 surviving subjects), was funded by NIA and co-sponsoring ICs (NIDCD, NEI, and NINDS) to conduct longitudinal follow-up exams. With NIDCD funding, questions have been asked about use of hearing aids, subjective evaluation of hearing acuity including the Gallaudet scale, tinnitus (frequency and duration), ear diseases and operations, and other factors related to hearing. Questions were also added in AGES-RS II, 2007¿2010, regarding specific dizziness/balance and falling problems that study participants had experienced (since AGES I) or currently. In order to examine broad genetic effects, first-degree relatives have been identified in the existing AGES data (i.e., siblings and parent-child combinations). Second-degree relatives or more distant cousins can also be identified. Further investigation of the genetics of hearing loss will be accomplished through participation in a broad genome scan for associations with defined phenotypes, including age-related hearing loss defined on the basis of results in AGES I. Additional follow-up studies of hearing status and balance/dizziness questions were performed in 2012 on a younger, randomly-selected AGES offspring cohort (n=500) and, in 2013, this offspring sample will be augmented with approximately 400 younger offspring subjects who, based on their parents¿ genotypes and exam results (phenotypes) are at very high risk of developing Alzheimer¿s. These subjects will also be tested for hearing loss and balance/dizziness questionnaire responses will be obtained. Other measures collected throughout on AGES subjects and their offspring include brain imaging, detailed vision exams, and many other assessments. Available covariates include: age, gender, education, weight at midlife, weight change from midlife, smoking history, physical activity, quadriceps strength and hand grip strength (determined by Isometric dynamometry), co-morbid conditions, hospitalization in previous 5 years, CRP, fasting glucose, and glomerular filtration rate or GFR (adjusted for body mass index [BMI]).