Television Advertising and Children's Diet Activity and Obesity Prevalence

电视广告与儿童饮食活动和肥胖率

• 批准号: 8213568
• 负责人: Lisa Powell
• 金额: $ 49.21万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8213568
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Advertisements; Advertising; Advocate; Affect; Age; American; Area; Beverages; Body mass index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Childhood; Chronic Disease; Commit; Communities; Complex; Consumption; Country; Data; Data Analyses; Diet; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Eating; Economics; Effectiveness; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Food or Food Product; Health; Health Promotion; Height; Home environment; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Malignant Neoplasms; Marketing; Measures; Media Campaign; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Norway; Nutritional; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Pattern; Physical activity; Policies; Policy Maker; Policy Research; Population; Prevalence; Price; Public Health; Public Policy; Race; Regulation; Research; Restaurants; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Series; Services; Sodium; Sweden; Taxes; Television; Time; Uncertainty; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Weight; Youth; aged; base; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; cohort; combat; contextual factors; density; early childhood; fast food; food consumption; food marketing; good diet; improved; indexing; kindergarten; opportunity cost; population survey; programs; public health relevance; sedentary; sugar; tool; tv watching; ward

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Poor diet, inactivity and obesity have been linked to increased risks for a number of chronic diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity and related health risk factors present in children are likely to persist into adulthood. The proposed research will investigate the relationships between televised advertisements for food, beverages, restaurants, and public service healthy diet and physical activity (HDPA) health promotion messages, and diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI) and obesity among children and youth. The overwhelming majority (97.8%) of food product ads seen on television by American children are of poor nutritional content, being high in either sugar, fat or sodium. Most research has assessed the effect of advertising based on 1) evidence that TV watching time correlates with poor diet and/or obesity; or, 2) small- scale natural experiments that have focused on food requests or limited specific food choices which may have low external validity. The proposed project will build substantially on the previous literature. The specific aims are threefold: 1) examine the relationship between exposure to food, beverage and restaurant advertising (measured by total product exposure and nutritional content of ads using age and race-specific ratings) and children's and youths' dietary intake patterns (i.e., consumption of specific food products/groups and food away from home including fast food), diet quality (i.e., total caloric intake, % fat and % sugar in diet and overall healthy eating index), BMI and obesity; 2) examine the relationship between exposure to HDPA health promotion ads and diet, physical activity, BMI and obesity; and 3) examine the interactions between food- related and HDPA health promotion ads and neighborhood contextual factors (i.e., food prices and restaurant, food store, and physical activity-related outlet availability) and diet, activity and BMI/obesity. To accomplish these aims, the proposed research will conduct secondary data analyses, using a unique combination of four types of data: 1) television age- and race-specific ratings data for all food, beverage, restaurant, and anti- obesity advertisements, purchased from Nielsen Media Research for 106 designated media markets; 2) detailed nutritional content information about the advertised food products, 3) local area contextual data on food prices and outlet density measures; 4) data on population dietary intake, physical activity and measured height and weight from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, two nationally representative population surveys one of which is longitudinal. The proposed project represents the most comprehensive exploration to date of the relationship between food, beverage, restaurant and HDPA health promotion advertising and diet, activity and BMI. Given the serious public health risk posed by poor diet, inactivity and obesity, this research can provide important information for policymakers and public health advocates about the potential effectiveness of regulating food television advertising to children and using TV media campaigns as policy tools for improving these health outcomes. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research will investigate the relationships between televised advertisements for food, beverages, restaurants, and public service healthy diet and physical activity health promotion messages, and diet, physical activity, body mass index and obesity among children and youth using market-level television ratings data and nationally representative cross-sectional and longitudinal population data. Given the serious public health risks including cancer and cardiovascular diseases posed by poor diet, inactivity and obesity, this research can provide important information for policymakers and public health advocates about the potential effectiveness of regulating food television advertising to children and using TV media campaigns as policy tools for improving these health outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：不良饮食、缺乏运动和肥胖与许多慢性疾病（包括癌症和心血管疾病）的风险增加有关。儿童肥胖及相关健康风险因素可能会持续到成年。这项拟议的研究将调查食品、饮料、餐馆和公共服务的电视广告健康饮食和身体活动（HDPA）健康促进信息与儿童和青少年的饮食、身体活动、体重指数（BMI）和肥胖之间的关系。绝大多数（97.8%）美国儿童在电视上看到的食品广告营养成分很差，要么是高糖、高脂肪，要么是高钠。大多数研究都是基于以下证据来评估广告的影响：1)看电视的时间与不良饮食和/或肥胖有关；或者，2)小规模的自然实验，专注于食物要求或有限的特定食物选择，可能具有低外部有效性。拟议的项目将在很大程度上以以前的文献为基础。具体目标有三个方面：1)研究食品、饮料和餐馆广告的曝光率（通过产品总曝光率和广告的营养成分来衡量，使用年龄和种族特定评级）与儿童和青少年的饮食摄入模式（即特定食品/类别的消费和包括快餐在内的离家食物）、饮食质量（即总热量摄入、饮食中脂肪和糖的百分比以及总体健康饮食指数）、身体质量指数和肥胖之间的关系；2)检验HDPA健康促进广告暴露与饮食、身体活动、BMI和肥胖的关系；3)检查食品相关和HDPA健康促进广告和社区环境因素（即食品价格和餐馆，食品商店和体育活动相关的出口可用性）与饮食，活动和BMI/肥胖之间的相互作用。为了实现这些目标，拟议的研究将进行二次数据分析，使用四种数据的独特组合：1)从尼尔森媒体研究公司购买的106个指定媒体市场的所有食品，饮料，餐馆和反肥胖广告的电视年龄和种族特定收视率数据；2)广告食品的详细营养成分信息，3)当地食品价格和出口密度的相关数据；4)来自全国健康与营养调查和幼儿纵向研究的人口饮食摄入、体力活动和测量身高和体重的数据，这两项具有全国代表性的人口调查其中一项是纵向的。该项目代表了迄今为止对食品、饮料、餐厅和HDPA健康促进广告与饮食、活动和BMI之间关系的最全面的探索。鉴于不良饮食、缺乏运动和肥胖造成的严重公共健康风险，这项研究可以为政策制定者和公共卫生倡导者提供重要信息，说明监管面向儿童的食品电视广告的潜在有效性，并利用电视媒体宣传作为改善这些健康结果的政策工具。