Spinal Circuits and the Musculoskeletal System

脊柱回路和肌肉骨骼系统

• 批准号: 8063424
• 负责人: Arthur W. English
• 金额: $ 16.92万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8063424
• 关键词: Acute; Biological Models; Biological Preservation; Biomechanics; Chronic; Clinical; Connective Tissue; Cutaneous; Disabled Persons; Effectiveness; Feedback; Felis catus; Financial compensation; Flexor; Goals; Individual; Kinetics; Modeling; Muscle; Musculoskeletal System; Nature; Nerve; Neuroanatomy; Operant Conditioning; Operative Surgical Procedures; Output; Peripheral Nerves; Persons; Physical therapy; Play; Program Research Project Grants; Protocols documentation; Ramp; Rattus; Recovery; Reflex action; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Training; Role; Science; Scientist; Spinal; Training; axon regeneration; base; body system; career; experience; functional restoration; injured; interest; kinematics; neurophysiology; programs; reinnervation; repaired; research study; sciatic nerve; sensory system; spinal reflex

This proposal is for a Program Project Grant consisting of three Projects and three Cores. Its overall goal will be to evaluate the limits of adaptive changes in the relationship between spinal circuits and the musculoskeletal system when this interaction is disrupted. In each of the projects this disruption will be studied in model systems using transection and surgical repair of peripheral nerves. In Project I (English), the capacity for spontaneous adaptation, the effects of treadmill training, and operant conditioning of spinal reflexes on the outputs of spinal circuits will be studied after sciatic nerve transection in rats. The effectiveness of combining these approaches with protocols known to enhance the early regeneration of axons in injured peripheral nerves will be determined. In Project II (Gregor), the roles of short term compensatory strategies on longer term adaptive changes will be studied after transection and surgical repair of a single muscle nerve in cats. Using kinetic, kinematic, and EMG analyses, the extent of compensation by connective tissues, the effects of enhancing axon regeneration, and the roles played by cutaneous sensory systems in these changes will be studied. In Project III (Nichols), the roles played by different forms of proprioceptive feedback in the functional deficit following surgical reinnervation of the main cat plantar flexor muscles will be studied. Using acute and chronic experiments in conjunction with biomechanical modeling, the mechanisms underlying both short term compensation and longer term adaptation will be elucidated. Using intense treadmill ramp training during the recovery period, the preservation of normal reflexes will be studied. This PPG brings together a team of established scientists from diverse backgrounds, with a common goal to continue to strengthen the science base underlying clinical rehabilitation.

该提案针对的是由三个项目和三个核心组成的计划项目拨款。其总体目标是评估当这种相互作用被破坏时，脊髓回路和肌肉骨骼系统之间关系的适应性变化的限制。在每个项目中，都将在模型系统中使用周围神经的横断和手术修复来研究这种破坏。在项目 I（英文）中，将研究大鼠坐骨神经横断后的自发适应能力、跑步机训练的影响以及脊髓反射的操作性条件反射对脊髓回路输出的影响。将确定这些方法与已知可增强受损周围神经轴突早期再生的方案相结合的有效性。在项目 II (Gregor) 中，将在猫的单个肌肉神经横断和手术修复后研究短期补偿策略对长期适应性变化的作用。使用动力学、运动学和肌电图分析，将研究结缔组织的补偿程度、增强轴突再生的效果以及皮肤感觉系统在这些变化中所发挥的作用。在项目 III（Nichols）中，将研究不同形式的本体感觉反馈在猫主要跖屈肌手术重新神经支配后功能缺陷中所发挥的作用。将急性和慢性实验与生物力学模型结合使用，将阐明短期补偿和长期适应的机制。在恢复期间使用激烈的跑步机斜坡训练，将研究正常反射的保存。该 PPG 汇集了来自不同背景的知名科学家团队，其共同目标是继续加强临床康复的科学基础。