A clinic-based behavioral intervention to reduce CMV transmission in pregnancy

描述（由申请方提供）：巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染是宫内传播的最常见病毒感染，是儿童永久性残疾（如听力丧失、视力丧失、脑瘫和/或认知障碍）的重要原因。在美国，先天性CMV感染率占活产婴儿的0.5-0.7%，在世界许多地区超过1%。鉴于这些事实，重要的是要找到策略，将醚预防或降低风险的母亲，从而先天性，CMV感染。然而，目前还没有预防母体感染和先天性CMV感染的疫苗。我们的目标是开发一种产前筛查和简短干预（SBI）， 在先天性巨细胞病毒感染风险增加的人群中，促进降低孕妇儿童-母亲巨细胞病毒传播风险的行为。我们将通过测量CMV传播和预防措施知识的增加，洗手和清洁环境表面等保护行为的使用增加，以及减少危险行为的实践，如分享幼儿使用的食物，饮料或餐具，来评估干预措施的有效性。将选择参加产前护理的孕妇参加行为干预组或对照组，对照组将接受标准产前护理。我们亦会评估这个方法的可行性和可接受性。一个成功的干预措施，是适应在更大范围内，以其他诊所设置将是非常宝贵的，不仅对妇女的知识和行为的影响，但也为降低孕妇及其后代的CMV感染率。有效和可接受的CMV相关行为干预的最终目标是显著降低美国先天性CMV感染的发病率和负担。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection represents the most common viral infection transmitted in-utero and is a significant cause of permanent disabilities such as hearing loss, vision loss, cerebral palsy and /or cognitive impairment in children. The rate of congenital CMV infection ranges from 0.5-0.7% of live births in the US and exceeds 1% in many parts of the world. In light of these facts, it is important to find strategies that will ether prevent or reduce the risk of maternal, and thereby congenital, CMV infection. However, vaccines to prevent maternal infections and congenital CMV infections are not currently available. Our goal is to develop a prenatal screening and brief intervention (SBI) that will focus on the promotion of behaviors that reduce child- to-mother CMV transmission risk among pregnant women in a population that is at increased risk for congenital CMV infection. We will evaluate the efficacy of the intervention by measuring increased knowledge of CMV transmission and prevention measures, increased use of protective behaviors such as hand washing and cleaning environmental surfaces, and decreased practice of risk behaviors such as sharing food, drink or eating utensils used by young children. Pregnant women who are enrolled in prenatal care will be selected to participate in the behavioral intervention group or a comparison group which will receive standard prenatal care. We will also assess the feasibility and acceptability of this approach. A successful intervention that is adaptable on a larger scale to other clinic settings will be invaluable not only for the impact on women's knowledge and behaviors, but also for decreasing CMV infection rates in pregnant women and their offspring. The ultimate goal of an efficacious and acceptable CMV-related behavioral intervention would be to significantly reduce the incidence and burden of congenital CMV infection in the US.