Social Norms and Alcohol Prevention (SNAP)

描述（由申请人提供）：目前的申请是一个竞争性的更新申请的最终版本，以前在2010年3月审查，旨在继续一个富有成效的研究计划，旨在减少大学生中的酒精使用和相关后果，使用简短的计算机反馈，以减少对饮酒规范的误解（R 01 AA 012547）。三项研究提出了评估和扩展我们的理解社会影响的酒精干预的社会认同理论的角度。与其他成年人相比，大学生滥用酒精的风险增加，开发有效的干预方法是当务之急。在过去的几年里，经验证据表明：1）其他学生对饮酒的行为和态度的看法与饮酒密切相关; 2）学生一贯高估同龄人中饮酒的流行和认可; 3）减少规范性误解可能是减少饮酒的有效策略。个性化规范反馈（PNF）是一种个性化的干预措施，参与者被给予反馈，关于他们自己的饮酒，他们对其他学生饮酒的看法，以及其他学生的实际饮酒。我们的第一笔资助的研究结果（详见进展报告）表明，在两年的随访期内，通过互联网提供的重复管理的性别特异性PNF与减少饮酒有关。拟议的更新旨在纳入相关的理论观点（例如，社会认同理论（SIT）;偏差调节理论（DRT）），这应该促进我们对这些方法为什么以及对谁最有效的理解。这项研究的总体目标是提高我们对PNF为什么、对谁以及在什么条件下最有效的理解。在休斯顿大学（UH）的规范文件调查后，提出了三项研究，以评估理论和实践创新的关键问题，PNF的背景下，SIT。我们特别感兴趣的是SIT，因为它与PNF有关，以及学生与大学和学院同龄人的身份差异如何影响PNF对酒精消费的功效。研究1将探讨如何在社会身份的差异在三个不同的校园运作：呃，华盛顿大学，和洛约拉玛丽蒙特大学。研究2将在PNF的背景下评估来自DRT的假设，并研究社会认同对偏差调节过程的影响。最后，在研究3中，社会认同将被评估为一个潜在的调节器的变化，通过评估PNF，基于强制性规范，通过计算机与干预提供者使用动机访谈风格的人交付。这项研究有望在理论和实践上改进基于规范的干预策略，这些策略有可能减少饮酒和相关的负面后果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current application is a final revision of a competing renewal application previously reviewed in March, 2010, which seeks to continue a productive program of research designed to reduce alcohol use and related consequences among college students, using brief computerized feedback to reduce misperceptions of drinking norms (R01 AA012547). Three studies are proposed to evaluate and extend our understanding of social influence based alcohol interventions from the perspective of Social Identity Theory. College students are at increased risk for alcohol misuse compared to other adults, and development of efficacious intervention approaches is an urgent priority. Over the past several years empirical evidence has demonstrated: 1) perceptions of other students' behavior and attitudes about drinking are strongly associated with drinking; 2) students consistently overestimate the prevalence and approval of drinking among their peers; and 3) reducing normative misperceptions can be an effective strategy for reducing drinking. Personalized normative feedback (PNF) is an individualized intervention whereby participants are given feedback regarding their own drinking, their perceptions of other students' drinking, and other students' actual drinking. Findings from our first grant (detailed in the Progress Report) indicate that repeatedly administered gender-specific PNF provided over the Internet was associated with reduced drinking over a two-year follow-up period. The proposed renewal seeks to incorporate relevant theoretical perspectives (e.g., Social Identity Theory (SIT); Deviance Regulation Theory (DRT)) that should advance our understanding of why and for whom these approaches work best. The overarching goal of the proposed research is to improve our understanding of why, for whom, and under what conditions PNF is most efficacious. Following a norms documentation survey at the University of Houston (UH), three studies are proposed to evaluate theoretically and practically innovative critical questions regarding PNF in the context of SIT. We are specifically interested in SIT as it relates to PNF and how differences in students' identity with respect to their University and college peers may impact the efficacy of PNF on alcohol consumption. Study 1 will examine how differences in social identity operate on three diverse campuses: the UH, the University of Washington, and Loyola Marymount University. Study 2 will evaluate hypotheses derived from DRT in the context of PNF and examine the influence of social identity on deviance regulation processes. Finally, in Study 3, social identity will be evaluated as a potential moderator of change by evaluating PNF, based on injunctive norms, delivered in person by computer versus an intervention provider using a motivational interviewing style. This research is expected to yield theoretical and practical improvements to norms based intervention strategies that have the potential to reduce drinking and related negative consequences.