Neural substrates of impulsive behavior in methamphetamine dependence

甲基苯丙胺依赖中冲动行为的神经基础

• 批准号: 8447128
• 负责人: Angelica Marie Morales
• 金额: $ 3.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-02 至 2014-03-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8447128
• 关键词: Affect; Affective; Amphetamines; Amygdaloid structure; Anisotropy; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain region; Cognitive; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Drug Addiction; Emotional; Evaluation; Exhibits; Failure; Family; General Population; Goals; Health; Illicit Drugs; Impulsive Behavior; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Insula of Reil; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lateral; Learning; Legal; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Mentorship; Methamphetamine; Methamphetamine dependence; Methods; Outcome; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Pharmacological Treatment; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psychometrics; Relapse; Relative (related person); Research; Rewards; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Social Problems; Specificity; Structure; Task Performances; Testing; Thick; Time; Training; Ventral Striatum; Work; addiction; base; behavior influence; computer program; discount; discounting; gray matter; improved; indexing; methamphetamine abuse; neural circuit; neuropathology; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; response; statistics; success; trait; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The use of methamphetamine (MA) despite negative consequences such as health, legal and social problems reflects maladaptive behaviors, such as acting without forethought and failure to delay gratification or to withhold inappropriate responses. Such behaviors can broadly be characterized as reflecting impulsivity, which is thought to contribute to addictions. The overarching goal of the proposed work is to help clarify the neural networks that underlie impulsive behavior and to determine how the structural integrity of these networks influences impulsive behaviors in healthy and MA-dependent individuals. A temporal discounting task, which is thought to reflect impulsive choice, will be used to measure how the subjective value of a reinforcer diminishes as a function of time. It requires that participants choose between smaller, more immediate rewards and larger, delayed rewards. As task performance likely depends on neural circuitry important for assessing subjective value of rewards, comparison of two options presented, and ultimately selecting one option over the other, structural magnetic resonance imaging will be used to measure the gray matter integrity of frontal, parietal, and limbic cortices, which may contribute to these cognitive processes. Diffusion tensor imaging will be used to determine white matter integrity of the pathways connecting these structures. The immediate goals of this work are to determine the relationship between temporal discounting and brain structure in healthy individuals, to assess whether MA-dependent participants have structural abnormalities in the implicated circuitry, and to determine whether the normal relationship between brain structure and temporal discounting holds under conditions of potential MA-induced neuropathology. Lastly, a self-report measure of trait impulsivity will be used to determine if the integrity of the neural networks implicated in temporal discounting also contribute to individual differences in a broader assessment of the construct of impulsivity. As there are currently no pharmacological treatments approved for MA-dependence, impulsive behaviors are especially problematic because they undermine the success of behavioral treatments for drug dependence. This information could inform treatments for addictive disorders resulting in improved treatment retention and lower rates of relapse.

描述（由申请人提供）：使用甲基苯丙胺（MA），尽管有诸如健康、法律和社会问题等负面后果，反映了不适应行为，例如不事先考虑就采取行动，未能延迟满足或保留不适当的反应。这种行为可以被广泛地描述为冲动的反映，这被认为是导致成瘾的原因。这项工作的首要目标是帮助阐明冲动行为背后的神经网络，并确定这些网络的结构完整性如何影响健康和ma依赖个体的冲动行为。一个被认为反映冲动选择的时间贴现任务，将被用来衡量强化物的主观价值如何随着时间的推移而减少。它要求参与者在较小的、更直接的奖励和较大的、延迟的奖励之间做出选择。由于任务表现可能取决于评估奖励主观价值的重要神经回路，呈现的两个选项的比较，并最终选择一个选项，结构磁共振成像将用于测量额叶，顶叶和边缘皮质的灰质完整性，这可能有助于这些认知