Cancer Prevention and Control

癌症预防与控制

• 批准号: 8369387
• 负责人: MICHELE CARBONE
• 金额: $ 0.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8369387
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adoption; Adult; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Appointment; Area; Arts; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Research; Behavioral Sciences; Biological; Biometry; Burn injury; Cancer Biology; Cancer Burden; Cancer Center; Cancer Center Support Grant; Cancer Control; Cancer Control Research; Cancer Etiology; Carcinogens; Cigarette; Clinical; Clinical Research; Communities; Community Health; Dental Hygiene; Discipline of Nursing; Early Diagnosis; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exposure to; Faculty; Family Practice; Gender; Genes; Genomics; Goals; Grant; Hawaii; Health Sciences; Humanities; Incidence; Individual; Informatics; Intervention; Knowledge; Life Style; Malignant Neoplasms; Medicine; Mission; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nuts; Obesity; Paper; Peer Review; Pharmacy facility; Physical activity; Population; Population Sciences; Prevention; Primary Cancer Prevention; Primary Prevention; Process; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Research; Research Personnel; Resource Sharing; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction Behavior; Role; Schools; Science; Secondary Prevention; Secure; Site; Smoking; Social Work; Source; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Tobacco-Associated Carcinogen; Translational Research; Treatment Efficacy; Underserved Population; United States; Universities; Weight maintenance regimen; Youth; anticancer research; biobehavior; cancer health disparity; cancer prevention; cancer risk; cigarette smoking; college; cost; drinking; experience; health disparity; high risk; improved; innovation; medical schools; meetings; member; mortality; movie; nutrition; obesity management; prevent; programs; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; social; socioeconomics; survivorship; tertiary prevention; theories

Hawai'i is the single most promising site in the United States that can enhance the depth and breath of our knowledge on how to prevent and reduce cancer-related disparities among multiple racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographically isolated groups. The Cancer Prevention and Control Program (P&C) conducts research that aims to reduce cancer-related disparities in the people of Hawai'i and Pacific region, areas with remarkable cultural and ethnic diversity. Faculty research uniquely focuses on the primary prevention of cancer by advancing behavioral and bio-behavioral research to reduce modifiable lifestyle risk factors in healthy and high-risk youth and adult populations in community and clinical settings. P&C's two major themes are 1) to elucidate mechanisms by which intrapersonal, interpersonal, and societal/community level factors influence tobacco, alcohol, and betel nut use; nutrition; physical activity; and obesity, and 2) to test theoretically-grounded behavioral interventions among multiethnic youth and adults. Recent advances help to identify mechanisms by which the depictions of smoking and drinking in movies influence adolescent cigarette and alcohol use; elucidate the role of ethnicity in tobacco use and the roles of dual process theory and the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) in cigarette smoking among multiethnic populations; Identify gene-behavioral factors that influence cigarette smoking; unravel the applicability of TTIVI to physical activity behaviors and among multiethnic populations; provide racial/ethnic and gender context to the problem of obesity and weight management; and illustrate the efficacy of interventions grounded in a socio-ecological framework to increase physical activity and other lifestyle risk factors. Research/community capacity and dissemination grants increase translational capacity and the reach and adoption of risk reduction behaviors among multiethnic populations. Our newly restructured Program includes 10 full and 8 associate faculty members who bring diverse disciplinary expertise that helps the Program to accelerate scientific discoveries in primary cancer prevention, behavioral and biobehavioral research, and addictive carcinogens science. Faculty members hold appointments in the University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, the University of Hawai'i Schools of Social Work, Nursing and Dental Hygiene, Pharmacy, Arts and Humanities, and the John A. Burns School of Medicine Departments of Family Medicine and Community Health, Medicine, and Public Health Sciences. Complimentary expertise includes 12 members with expertise in primary cancer prevention, 12 faculty with expertise in the behavioral and bio-behavioral sciences; 17 researchers engaged in health disparities research; and 8 members with long-standing experience in addictive carcinogens science. To accelerate progress in reducing cancer, P&C faculty members interact with the UHCC Epidemiology and Cancer Biology Programs, faculty from other colleges and schools of the University of Hawai'i, and faculty outside of the University of Hawai'i. The activities of the P&C Program rely on several UHCC shared resources including Biostatistics and Informatics, Genomics, Nutrition, and the Clinical and Translational Research Sciences and interactions through workgroups, seminars, and meetings. P&C faculty members have successfully competed to secure S7.2M in direct and $12.7M in total NCI-approved cancer research dollars. An additional 1.4M in direct and 1.5 M in total costs were secured from other peer-reviewed sources. Between 2005 and 2011, P&C members published 218 peer-reviewed cancer-focused papers. The percentage of collaborative publications increased from 25.2% in 2005 to 36% in 2011.

夏威夷是美国最有前途的地方，它可以增强我们关于如何预防和减少多个种族/族裔、社会经济和地理孤立群体之间与癌症相关的差异的知识的深度和广度。癌症预防和控制计划 (P&C) 开展的研究旨在减少夏威夷和太平洋地区人民与癌症相关的差异，这些地区具有显着的文化和种族多样性。学院的研究独特地侧重于癌症的一级预防，通过推进行为和生物行为研究来减少社区和临床环境中健康和高危青少年和成年人群中可改变的生活方式风险因素。 P&C 的两大主题是 1) 阐明个人内部、人际和社会/社区层面因素影响烟草、酒精和槟榔使用的机制；营养;体力活动；和肥胖，2) 测试多民族青年和成人中基于理论的行为干预措施。最近的进展有助于确定电影中对吸烟和饮酒的描述影响青少年吸烟和饮酒的机制；阐明种族在烟草使用中的作用以及双过程理论和跨理论模型（TTM）在多种族人群吸烟中的作用；确定影响吸烟的基因行为因素；阐明 TTIVI 对身体活动行为以及多种族人群的适用性；提供肥胖和体重管理问题的种族/民族和性别背景；并说明基于社会生态框架的干预措施对增加体力活动和其他生活方式风险因素的有效性。研究/社区能力和传播赠款提高了转化能力以及多民族人群中风险降低行为的影响和采用。 我们新重组的项目包括 10 名全职和 8 名副教员，他们带来了不同的学科专业知识，帮助该项目加速初级癌症预防、行为和生物行为研究以及成瘾致癌物科学方面的科学发现。教职人员在夏威夷大学癌症中心、夏威夷大学社会工作学院、护理和牙科卫生学院、药学院、艺术和人文学院以及约翰·A·伯恩斯医学院家庭医学和社区健康、医学和公共卫生科学系任职。免费专业知识包括 12 名具有初级癌症预防专业知识的成员、12 名具有行为和生物行为科学专业知识的教员； 17名研究人员从事健康差异研究；以及 8 名在成瘾致癌物科学方面具有长期经验的成员。为了加速减少癌症的进展，P&C 教职人员与 UHCC 流行病学和癌症生物学项目、夏威夷大学其他学院和学校的教职人员以及夏威夷大学以外的教职人员进行互动。 P&C 计划的活动依赖于多个 UHCC 共享资源，包括生物统计和信息学、基因组学、营养学以及临床和转化研究科学以及通过工作组、研讨会和会议进行的互动。 P&C 教职员工已成功竞争获得 S720 万美元的直接资金以及 NCI 批准的癌症研究总额 1,270 万美元。另外 140 万美元的直接成本和 150 万美元的总成本是从其他同行评审来源获得的。 2005 年至 2011 年间，P&C 成员发表了 218 篇经过同行评审的癌症相关论文。合作出版物的比例从2005年的25.2%增加到2011年的36%。