Cancer Prevention and Control

癌症预防与控制

• 批准号: 8369387
• 负责人: MICHELE CARBONE
• 金额: $ 0.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8369387
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adoption; Adult; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Appointment; Area; Arts; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Research; Behavioral Sciences; Biological; Biometry; Burn injury; Cancer Biology; Cancer Burden; Cancer Center; Cancer Center Support Grant; Cancer Control; Cancer Control Research; Cancer Etiology; Carcinogens; Cigarette; Clinical; Clinical Research; Communities; Community Health; Dental Hygiene; Discipline of Nursing; Early Diagnosis; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exposure to; Faculty; Family Practice; Gender; Genes; Genomics; Goals; Grant; Hawaii; Health Sciences; Humanities; Incidence; Individual; Informatics; Intervention; Knowledge; Life Style; Malignant Neoplasms; Medicine; Mission; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nuts; Obesity; Paper; Peer Review; Pharmacy facility; Physical activity; Population; Population Sciences; Prevention; Primary Cancer Prevention; Primary Prevention; Process; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Research; Research Personnel; Resource Sharing; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction Behavior; Role; Schools; Science; Secondary Prevention; Secure; Site; Smoking; Social Work; Source; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Tobacco-Associated Carcinogen; Translational Research; Treatment Efficacy; Underserved Population; United States; Universities; Weight maintenance regimen; Youth; anticancer research; biobehavior; cancer health disparity; cancer prevention; cancer risk; cigarette smoking; college; cost; drinking; experience; health disparity; high risk; improved; innovation; medical schools; meetings; member; mortality; movie; nutrition; obesity management; prevent; programs; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; social; socioeconomics; survivorship; tertiary prevention; theories

Hawai'i is the single most promising site in the United States that can enhance the depth and breath of our knowledge on how to prevent and reduce cancer-related disparities among multiple racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographically isolated groups. The Cancer Prevention and Control Program (P&C) conducts research that aims to reduce cancer-related disparities in the people of Hawai'i and Pacific region, areas with remarkable cultural and ethnic diversity. Faculty research uniquely focuses on the primary prevention of cancer by advancing behavioral and bio-behavioral research to reduce modifiable lifestyle risk factors in healthy and high-risk youth and adult populations in community and clinical settings. P&C's two major themes are 1) to elucidate mechanisms by which intrapersonal, interpersonal, and societal/community level factors influence tobacco, alcohol, and betel nut use; nutrition; physical activity; and obesity, and 2) to test theoretically-grounded behavioral interventions among multiethnic youth and adults. Recent advances help to identify mechanisms by which the depictions of smoking and drinking in movies influence adolescent cigarette and alcohol use; elucidate the role of ethnicity in tobacco use and the roles of dual process theory and the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) in cigarette smoking among multiethnic populations; Identify gene-behavioral factors that influence cigarette smoking; unravel the applicability of TTIVI to physical activity behaviors and among multiethnic populations; provide racial/ethnic and gender context to the problem of obesity and weight management; and illustrate the efficacy of interventions grounded in a socio-ecological framework to increase physical activity and other lifestyle risk factors. Research/community capacity and dissemination grants increase translational capacity and the reach and adoption of risk reduction behaviors among multiethnic populations. Our newly restructured Program includes 10 full and 8 associate faculty members who bring diverse disciplinary expertise that helps the Program to accelerate scientific discoveries in primary cancer prevention, behavioral and biobehavioral research, and addictive carcinogens science. Faculty members hold appointments in the University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, the University of Hawai'i Schools of Social Work, Nursing and Dental Hygiene, Pharmacy, Arts and Humanities, and the John A. Burns School of Medicine Departments of Family Medicine and Community Health, Medicine, and Public Health Sciences. Complimentary expertise includes 12 members with expertise in primary cancer prevention, 12 faculty with expertise in the behavioral and bio-behavioral sciences; 17 researchers engaged in health disparities research; and 8 members with long-standing experience in addictive carcinogens science. To accelerate progress in reducing cancer, P&C faculty members interact with the UHCC Epidemiology and Cancer Biology Programs, faculty from other colleges and schools of the University of Hawai'i, and faculty outside of the University of Hawai'i. The activities of the P&C Program rely on several UHCC shared resources including Biostatistics and Informatics, Genomics, Nutrition, and the Clinical and Translational Research Sciences and interactions through workgroups, seminars, and meetings. P&C faculty members have successfully competed to secure S7.2M in direct and $12.7M in total NCI-approved cancer research dollars. An additional 1.4M in direct and 1.5 M in total costs were secured from other peer-reviewed sources. Between 2005 and 2011, P&C members published 218 peer-reviewed cancer-focused papers. The percentage of collaborative publications increased from 25.2% in 2005 to 36% in 2011.

夏威夷是美国唯一最有前途的网站，可以提高我们对如何预防和减少多个种族/民族，社会经济和地理隔离群体之间与癌症相关的差异的知识的深度和广度。癌症预防和控制计划（P&C）进行的研究旨在减少夏威夷和太平洋地区人民与癌症相关的差异，这些地区具有显着的文化和种族多样性。教师研究独特地侧重于通过推进行为和生物行为研究来减少社区和临床环境中健康和高风险青年和成人人群中可改变的生活方式风险因素，从而实现癌症的一级预防。P&C的两个主要主题是：1）阐明内在的，人际的和社会/社区层面的因素影响烟草，酒精和槟榔使用的机制;营养;体育活动;和肥胖; 2）在多民族青年和成年人中测试理论基础的行为干预。近年来的研究进展有助于确定电影中吸烟和饮酒对青少年吸烟和饮酒的影响机制，阐明种族在烟草使用中的作用以及双重过程理论和跨理论模型（TTM）在多种族人群中吸烟中的作用，确定影响吸烟的基因-行为因素，并对影响吸烟的基因-行为因素进行研究。阐明TTIVI对身体活动行为和多民族人群的适用性;为肥胖和体重管理问题提供种族/民族和性别背景;并说明基于社会生态框架的干预措施的有效性，以增加身体活动和其他生活方式风险因素。研究/社区能力和传播赠款增加了翻译能力，并在多民族人口中推广和采用减少风险的行为。 我们新重组的计划包括10名全职和8名副教授，他们带来了不同的学科专业知识，帮助该计划加速初级癌症预防，行为和生物行为研究以及成瘾致癌物科学的科学发现。教师在夏威夷大学癌症中心、夏威夷大学社会工作学院、护理和牙科卫生学院、药学院、艺术和人文学院以及约翰A。伯恩斯医学院家庭医学和社区卫生系，医学和公共卫生科学系。免费的专业知识包括12名具有初级癌症预防专业知识的成员，12名具有行为和生物行为科学专业知识的教师; 17名从事健康差异研究的研究人员;以及8名具有长期成瘾致癌物科学经验的成员。为了加快减少癌症的进展，P&C教师与UHCC流行病学和癌症生物学项目，夏威夷大学其他学院和学校的教师以及夏威夷大学以外的教师进行互动。P&C计划的活动依赖于几个UHCC共享资源，包括生物统计学和信息学，基因组学，营养学以及临床和转化研究科学，并通过工作组，研讨会和会议进行互动。P&C教职员工成功地竞争，以确保直接S720万美元和1270万美元的总NCI批准的癌症研究美元。另外140万美元的直接成本和150万美元的总成本来自其他同行评审来源。在2005年至2011年期间，P&C成员发表了218篇同行评审的癌症论文。合作出版物的比例从2005年的25.2%增加到2011年的36%。