Maternal Dietary Patterns and Child Weight Status

母亲的饮食模式和孩子的体重状况

• 批准号: 8458767
• 负责人: Chantel L. Martin
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8458767
• 关键词: 3 year old; Address; Adult; Affect; Age-Years; Animals; Appetite Regulation; Behavioral; Biochemical Markers; Biological; Biological Markers; Birth; Birth Weight; Body mass index; Child; Childhood; Cholesterol; Chronic; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development; Diet; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Endocrinology; Ensure; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Faculty; Fellowship; Female; Fetal Development; Fetus; Food; Glucose; Goals; Growth; Health; Human; Infant; Infectious Pregnancy Complications; Insulin; Intake; Intervention; Knowledge; Leptin; Literature; Low Birth Weight Infant; Macronutrients Nutrition; Measures; Neuroendocrinology; Nutrient; Nutritional; Obesity; Overnutrition; Overweight; Perinatal; Perinatal Epidemiology; Physiology; Play; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnant Women; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Process; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Role; Sample Size; Toddler; Triglycerides; Weight; base; career; cohort; design; early life exposure; energy balance; expectation; experience; fetal; improved; in utero; male; meetings; mortality; mother nutrition; nutrition; nutritional epidemiology; obesity in children; postnatal; premature; prevent; programs; prospective; public health relevance; research study; skills; social; symposium

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity is a growing public health concern in developed and developing countries. As of 2010, an estimated 43 million children were obese and 92 million were at risk of becoming overweight. In the US, nearly 10% of infants and toddlers were classified as high weight in 2008. Childhood obesity is important to prevent because the risk of adult obesity for obese children three-years of age is 15% for males and 24% in females, and associated with an increased risk of immediate and long-term health consequences and premature adult mortality. Research studies suggest that the origins of obesity may be as early as during fetal development and maternal nutrition during pregnancy may play a role in programming the fetus for later development of obesity. This research-training plan will provide the fellowship applicant an opportunity to further develop the theoretical, analytical, and research experience needed to investigate the role of maternal nutrition in the fetal origins of obesity, which will be examined as a part of the dissertation research. The dissertation research will address the following specific aims: (1) to explore the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and maternal nutrient biomarkers of fetal environment including glucose, insulin, leptin, triglycerides, and total cholesterol; (2) to examine the relationship between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and birth weight z-score; and (3) to investigate the association between maternal dietary patterns and child weight trajectory from birth to 36 months. Data from the third cohort of the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition (PIN) study, PIN Postpartum study, and PIN Kids study will be used to conduct the proposed research. During the fellowship period, the fellowship applicant will achieve the following short-term goals: (1) to acquire an appreciation of the physiology of obesity, endocrinology, and neuroendocrinology in regulation of appetite and energy balance, and the role nutrition has in these processes; (2) to expand knowledge and skills to develop and address significant, scientifically relevant research questions and design and analyze epidemiological studies; (3) to understand the biological, social, environmental, and behavioral factors that contribute to racial disparities in pregnancy outcomes and obesity prevalence; (4) to enhance professional and personal development; and (5) to understand the expectations and environment of being an independent investigator to ensure a successful progression through the fellowship and into early faculty years. These goals will be met through interactions and collaborations with leader in researchers in the field of nutritional and perinatal epidemiology, attendance at conferences and seminars, and presentations at annual meetings in nutrition and epidemiology. Additionally, this fellowship application will facilitate the applicant's career pathto becoming an independent, interdisciplinary investigator of the nutritional aspects of perinatal and pediatric epidemiology.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖是发达国家和发展中国家日益增长的公共卫生问题。截至 2010 年，估计有 4300 万儿童肥胖，9200 万儿童面临超重风险。在美国，2008 年，近 10% 的婴幼儿体重过重。预防儿童肥胖非常重要，因为三岁肥胖儿童成年肥胖的风险为男性 15%，女性为 24%，并且与直接和长期健康后果以及成人过早死亡的风险增加相关。研究表明，肥胖的起源可能早在胎儿发育期间，而怀孕期间母体的营养可能在胎儿后来发展为肥胖的过程中发挥着作用。该研究培训计划将为奖学金申请人提供进一步发展研究母亲营养在胎儿肥胖起源中的作用所需的理论、分析和研究经验的机会，这些经验将作为论文研究的一部分进行审查。论文研究将致力于以下具体目标：（1）探讨孕期母亲饮食模式与胎儿环境的母体营养生物标志物（包括葡萄糖、胰岛素、瘦素、甘油三酯和总胆固醇）之间的关系； (2) 检查母亲孕期饮食模式与出生体重z值之间的关系； (3) 研究母亲饮食模式与婴儿出生至 36 个月体重轨迹之间的关联。来自妊娠、感染和营养 (PIN) 研究、PIN 产后研究和 PIN 儿童研究第三组的数据将用于开展拟议的研究。在奖学金期间，奖学金申请人将实现以下短期目标：（1）了解肥胖的生理学、内分泌学和神经内分泌学在调节食欲和能量平衡方面的作用，以及营养在这些过程中的作用； (2) 扩展知识和技能，以开发和解决重大的、科学相关的研究问题，并设计和分析流行病学研究； (3) 了解导致妊娠结局和肥胖患病率种族差异的生物、社会、环境和行为因素； (4) 促进专业和个人发展； (5) 了解作为一名独立研究者的期望和环境，以确保成功地通过奖学金并进入早期的教职生涯。这些目标将通过与营养和围产期流行病学领域的研究人员领导者的互动和合作、出席会议和研讨会以及在营养和流行病学年度会议上的演讲来实现。此外，该奖学金申请将促进申请人成为围产期和儿科流行病学营养方面的独立跨学科研究者的职业道路。