Epigenetic mechanisms of prenatal environmental stressors and offspring obesity risk

产前环境应激源与后代肥胖风险的表观遗传机制

• 批准号: 10405541
• 负责人: Chantel L. Martin
• 金额: $ 22.85万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-17 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10405541
• 关键词: 19 year old; 5 year old; Address; Adult; Adverse event; Age; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Award; Behavioral; Biogenesis; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Markers; Biological Process; Birth; Birth Weight; Black race; Body mass index; Caliber; Censuses; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Chronic Disease; Cohort Studies; Crime; DNA Methylation; DNA Sequence; Data; Development; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Epigenetic Process; Exposure to; Funding; Genome; Growth; Health; Hispanic; Inequality; Infant; Intervention; Joints; Lead; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Low Birth Weight Infant; Mediator of activation protein; Methylation; Modification; Mothers; Neighborhoods; Newborn Infant; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Not Hispanic or Latino; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Ozone; Pathway interactions; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Poverty; Pregnancy; Process; Public Health; Publications; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Role; Social Environment; Spatial Distribution; Surveys; Toxic Environmental Substances; Training; Umbilical Cord Blood; Vulnerable Populations; Weight Gain; cardiometabolic risk; cardiovascular disorder risk; career; critical period; deprivation; effective intervention; environmental stressor; ethnic minority; experience; fine particles; follow-up; high risk; improved; infancy; methylation pattern; obesity development; obesity in children; obesity risk; offspring; offspring obesity; overweight child; particle; prenatal; prenatal environmental exposure; prenatal exposure; programs; psychosocial stressors; racial and ethnic; racial and ethnic disparities; racial disparity; racial diversity; residential segregation; segregation; skills; social; violent crime

PROJECT SUMMARY Childhood obesity is a major public health issue in the U.S. with widening racial/ethnic gaps and health consequences across the life course. Inequalities in childhood obesity can be traced to as early as infancy, signifying the prenatal period as potentially a critical window during which differences in environmental exposures may program disparities in offspring obesity risk. Racial/ethnic minorities are disproportionately burdened by adverse environmental conditions, such as neighborhood-level psychosocial stressors and air pollutants, which may act synergistically to impact childhood risk of obesity. Disentangling the effects of prenatal environmental exposures and better understanding the mechanisms through which these exposures influence cardiometabolic risk factors, such as childhood obesity, may lead to improved chronic disease risk assessment and more effective intervention strategies, particularly among vulnerable populations who are more likely to experience adverse environments. Epigenetic mechanisms—changes to the genome that do not modify the DNA sequence—are sensitive to environmental exposures during critical periods and may serve as a putative link to early life disparities in childhood obesity. Previous studies have found that prenatal psychosocial stressors and environmental toxicants are associated with epigenetic modifications, particularly in DNA methylation, and offspring obesity risk, but have not considered the joint effect of these environmental exposures and the underlying biological mediators are not well understood. The proposed research will investigate whether environmental stressors during pregnancy influence offspring obesity risk through modifications in DNA methylation using data from a racially diverse birth cohort study with follow-up into childhood. Through the Pathway to Independence Award, the candidate will gain additional training in environmental exposures, biomarkers and epigenetic mechanisms, bioinformatics, and professional development to successfully transition into an independent research career focused on the early life origins of chronic disease. The skills acquired during the training phase will be used to: 1) Estimate the impact of prenatal neighborhood psychosocial stressors (concentrated poverty, deprivation, racial residential segregation, and violent crime) and air pollution exposure on offspring birth weight, growth trajectory in the first 12 months, and risk of overweight and obesity at 3-5 years of age; 2) Examine the effect of prenatal neighborhood psychosocial stressors and air pollution on offspring DNA methylation marks in umbilical cord blood; and 3) Examine the association between environmental stressor-related DNA methylation marks identified in Aim 2 and risk of childhood overweight or obesity. Completion of the training and research aims will result in scientific presentations and publications, preliminary data to successfully compete for R01 funding, and uniquely position the candidate to make significant contributions to the study of epigenetic profiles relating environmental stressors to childhood obesity risk.

项目概要 儿童肥胖是美国的一个主要公共卫生问题，种族/民族差距和健康状况不断扩大 整个生命过程的后果。儿童肥胖的不平等现象可以追溯到婴儿期， 表明产前时期是一个潜在的关键窗口期，在此期间环境差异 暴露可能会导致后代肥胖风险的差异。少数种族/族裔比例不成比例 受到不利环境条件的影响，例如社区心理社会压力和空气 污染物，可能协同作用影响儿童肥胖风险。理清影响 产前环境暴露并更好地了解这些暴露的机制 影响心脏代谢危险因素，例如儿童肥胖，可能会改善慢性病风险 评估和更有效的干预策略，特别是在弱势群体中 更有可能经历不利的环境。表观遗传机制——基因组的变化不会 修改DNA序列——在关键时期对环境暴露敏感，可以作为 儿童肥胖与早年生活差异的假定联系。此前的研究发现，产前 心理社会压力源和环境毒物与表观遗传修饰有关，特别是在 DNA甲基化与后代肥胖风险有关，但没有考虑这些环境因素的共同影响 暴露和潜在的生物介质尚不清楚。拟议的研究将 研究怀孕期间的环境压力是否会影响后代肥胖风险 使用来自种族多样化出生队列研究的数据对 DNA 甲基化进行修饰，并进行后续研究 童年。通过独立之路奖，候选人将获得以下方面的额外培训： 环境暴露、生物标志物和表观遗传机制、生物信息学和专业 发展成功过渡到专注于早期生命起源的独立研究生涯 慢性疾病。在培训阶段获得的技能将用于： 1) 估计影响 产前邻里社会心理压力源（集中贫困、匮乏、种族居住 隔离和暴力犯罪）和空气污染暴露对后代出生体重、生长轨迹的影响 12个月，3-5岁时有超重和肥胖的风险； 2）检查产前效果 社区社会心理压力源和空气污染对后代脐带DNA甲基化标记的影响 血; 3) 检查环境应激相关的 DNA 甲基化标记之间的关联 目标 2 中确定了儿童超重或肥胖的风险。培训和研究目标完成情况 将产生科学演示和出版物以及成功竞争 R01 资金的初步数据， 并使候选人能够为相关表观遗传图谱的研究做出重大贡献 环境压力因素对儿童肥胖风险的影响。

项目成果

Understanding Health Inequalities Through the Lens of Social Epigenetics.

• DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052020-105613
• 发表时间: 2022-04-05
• 期刊: ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 影响因子: 20.8
• 作者: Martin, Chantel L.;Ghastine, Lea;Lodge, Evans K.;Dhingra, Radhika;Ward-Caviness, Cavin K.
• 通讯作者: Ward-Caviness, Cavin K.