Maternal Dietary Patterns and Child Weight Status

母亲的饮食模式和孩子的体重状况

• 批准号: 8715347
• 负责人: Chantel L. Martin
• 金额: $ 3.18万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8715347
• 关键词: 3 year old; Address; Adult; Affect; Age-Years; Animals; Appetite Regulation; Behavioral; Biochemical Markers; Biological; Biological Markers; Birth; Birth Weight; Body mass index; Child; Childhood; Cholesterol; Chronic; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development; Diet; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Endocrinology; Ensure; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Faculty; Fellowship; Female; Fetal Development; Fetus; Food; Glucose; Goals; Growth; Health; Human; Infant; Infectious Pregnancy Complications; Insulin; Intake; Intervention; Knowledge; Leptin; Literature; Low Birth Weight Infant; Macronutrients Nutrition; Measures; Neuroendocrinology; Nutrient; Nutritional; Obesity; Overnutrition; Overweight; Perinatal; Perinatal Epidemiology; Physiology; Play; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnant Women; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Process; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Role; Sample Size; Toddler; Triglycerides; Weight; base; career; cohort; design; early life exposure; energy balance; expectation; experience; fetal; improved; in utero; male; meetings; mortality; mother nutrition; nutrition; nutritional epidemiology; obesity in children; postnatal; premature; prevent; programs; prospective; public health relevance; research study; skills; social; symposium

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity is a growing public health concern in developed and developing countries. As of 2010, an estimated 43 million children were obese and 92 million were at risk of becoming overweight. In the US, nearly 10% of infants and toddlers were classified as high weight in 2008. Childhood obesity is important to prevent because the risk of adult obesity for obese children three-years of age is 15% for males and 24% in females, and associated with an increased risk of immediate and long-term health consequences and premature adult mortality. Research studies suggest that the origins of obesity may be as early as during fetal development and maternal nutrition during pregnancy may play a role in programming the fetus for later development of obesity. This research-training plan will provide the fellowship applicant an opportunity to further develop the theoretical, analytical, and research experience needed to investigate the role of maternal nutrition in the fetal origins of obesity, which will be examined as a part of the dissertation research. The dissertation research will address the following specific aims: (1) to explore the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and maternal nutrient biomarkers of fetal environment including glucose, insulin, leptin, triglycerides, and total cholesterol; (2) to examine the relationship between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and birth weight z-score; and (3) to investigate the association between maternal dietary patterns and child weight trajectory from birth to 36 months. Data from the third cohort of the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition (PIN) study, PIN Postpartum study, and PIN Kids study will be used to conduct the proposed research. During the fellowship period, the fellowship applicant will achieve the following short-term goals: (1) to acquire an appreciation of the physiology of obesity, endocrinology, and neuroendocrinology in regulation of appetite and energy balance, and the role nutrition has in these processes; (2) to expand knowledge and skills to develop and address significant, scientifically relevant research questions and design and analyze epidemiological studies; (3) to understand the biological, social, environmental, and behavioral factors that contribute to racial disparities in pregnancy outcomes and obesity prevalence; (4) to enhance professional and personal development; and (5) to understand the expectations and environment of being an independent investigator to ensure a successful progression through the fellowship and into early faculty years. These goals will be met through interactions and collaborations with leader in researchers in the field of nutritional and perinatal epidemiology, attendance at conferences and seminars, and presentations at annual meetings in nutrition and epidemiology. Additionally, this fellowship application will facilitate the applicant's career pathto becoming an independent, interdisciplinary investigator of the nutritional aspects of perinatal and pediatric epidemiology.

描述(申请人提供)：在发达国家和发展中国家，肥胖是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。截至2010年，估计有4300万儿童肥胖，9200万儿童面临超重风险。在美国，2008年有近10%的婴幼儿被归类为超重。预防儿童肥胖很重要，因为三岁以下肥胖儿童成年后肥胖的风险男性为15%，女性为24%，并与立即和长期健康后果以及成人过早死亡的风险增加相关。研究表明，肥胖的起源可能早在胎儿发育期间，怀孕期间的母亲营养可能在为胎儿后来的肥胖发展做好准备方面发挥作用。这项研究培训计划将为奖学金申请者提供进一步发展所需的理论、分析和研究经验的机会，以调查母亲营养在肥胖胎儿起源中的作用，这将作为论文研究的一部分进行检验。本论文的研究将致力于以下具体目标：(1)探讨孕期饮食模式与母体胎儿环境营养生物标志物包括葡萄糖、胰岛素、瘦素、甘油三酯和总胆固醇的关系；(2)探讨孕期饮食模式与出生体重z分数的关系；(3)探讨孕期饮食模式与婴儿出生至36个月体重轨迹的关系。怀孕、感染和营养(PIN)研究、产后PIN研究和PIN儿童研究的第三个队列的数据将被用于进行拟议的研究。在奖学金期间，奖学金申请者将实现以下短期目标：(1)了解肥胖症的生理学、内分泌学和神经内分泌学在调节食欲和能量平衡方面的作用，以及营养在这些过程中的作用；(2)扩大知识和技能，以开发和解决重大的科学相关研究问题，并设计和分析流行病学研究；(3)了解导致怀孕结局和肥胖率存在种族差异的生物、社会、环境和行为因素；(4)促进职业和个人发展；以及(5)了解作为一名独立调查员的期望和环境，以确保成功地通过团契和进入教职初期。这些目标将通过与营养和围产期流行病学领域的领先研究人员的互动和合作、出席会议和研讨会以及在营养和流行病学的年度会议上发表演讲来实现。此外，这一奖学金申请将有助于申请者成为围产期和儿科流行病学营养方面的独立、跨学科调查员。