COMPONENT 4: Epidemiological Analyses of the National Alcohol Survey (NAS)

NAS研究部分的流行病学分析包括当前的2009/10年度全国酒精调查(NAS)、未来2014/15年度的NAS以及1979、1984、1990、1995、2000和2005年的前几次NAS调查。我们的分析充分利用了NAS调查系列的独特优势，包括对详细的酒精消费模式、酒精依赖和后果、终生重度饮酒模式、既往问题和其他风险因素的相称测量。NAS系列 包括异常广泛的个人特征和心理社会风险因素，具有许多独特的特点，包括在过去30年中每隔大约5年进行一次可比的美国成人人口调查。从2000年开始，NAS资源核心将提供社区和县级的地理参考，以捕捉我们的目标所利用的酒精供应、当地饮酒文化和社会经济条件等环境指标。长期趋势分析是为了揭示近期摄取模式和问题的变化；此外，我们提出了年龄-时期-队列(APC)。 模型，以更好地理解这些趋势的基本组成部分。将环境变量附加到这个具有代表性的美国样本中，通过将受访者定位在以社会经济、饮酒文化和酒精可获得性为特征的特定地理环境中，为我们对个人层面数据的分析带来了新的视角。加上终生饮酒和其他风险因素，这些环境变量的纳入将为我们建立问题结果模型的计划增加相当大的深度，因为在许多情况下，这些因素取决于个人过去的行为和经历，以及当前的社会、文化、经济和监管环境。此外，我们的分析还受益于更精确的当前摄入量测量，自2000年以来，这些测量方法根据饮料的大小和强度进行了调整。利用NAS的这些关键特征，一系列AIMS测试假说旨在推动一系列与酒精有关的问题的流行病学和病因学研究，包括酒精依赖、酒后驾车、事故和伤害，以及大量饮酒的家庭、工作、健康和法律后果。其他分析将评估与他人饮酒有关的外部性的决定因素，包括暴力受害、家庭问题和破坏行为，并将调查有酒精使用障碍的个人对医疗保健的利用。最后，对自我报告的醉酒和酗酒场合的详细分析将有助于加深对这些重要且相互关联的措施的理解，以及它们与不良驾驶等后果的关系。

The Epidemiological Analyses of the NAS research component involves the current 2009/10 National Alcohol Survey (NAS), the future 2014/15 NAS and previous NAS surveys from 1979, 1984, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005. Our analyses capitalize on unique strengths of the NAS survey series including commensurate measurement of detailed alcohol consumption patterns, alcohol dependence and consequences, life-course heavy drinking patterns, prior problems and other risk factors. The NAS series includes an unusually broad range of personal characteristics and psychosocial risk factors, having many unique features including the availability of comparable US adult population surveys at approximately 5-year intervals over the past 30 years. From the 2000 on, the NAS Resouces Core will provide neighborhood and county-level geo-referencing that captures environmental measures of alcohol availability, local drinking culture and socioeconomic conditions which our aims exploit. Long-term trend analyses are specified to reveal recent changes in intake patterns and problems; additionally, we propose age-period-cohort (APC) models to better understand the underlying components of these trends. Attaching environmental variables to this representative US sample brings a fresh perspective to our analyses of individual-level data by locating respondents within a particular geographic setting characterized by socioeconomic, drinking culture and alcohol availability measures. Together with the life-course drinking and other risk factors, the inclusion of these environmental variables will add considerable depth to our plans to model problem outcomes, since these depend in many cases on an individual's past behavior and experiences, as well as the current social, cultural, economic and regulatory environment. Also, our analyses benefit greatly from more precise measures of current intake that, since 2000, adjust for drink size and strength. Using these key features of the NAS, a series of aims test hypotheses to advance the epidemiology and etiology of a broad range of alcohol-related problems including alcohol dependence, driving under the influence (DUI), accidents and injuries, and family, work, health and legal consequences of heavy drinking. Additional analyses will evaluate the determinants of externalities related to others' drinking including violence victimization, family problems and vandalism, and will investigate health care utilization by individuals with alcohol use disorders. Finally, detailed analyses of self-reported drunkenness and heavy drinking occasions will improve understanding of these important and inter-related measures and their relationship to outcomes such as impaired driving.