Reward-related Brain Functioning as an Endophenotype for Depression

奖励相关的大脑功能是抑郁症的内表型

• 批准号: 8388813
• 负责人: Thomas M Olino
• 金额: $ 14.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8388813
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adult; Affect; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Process; Brain; Characteristics; Communities; Corpus striatum structure; Data Analyses; Depressed mood; Depressive disorder; Development; Disease; Educational workshop; Environment; Family history of; First Degree Relative; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Impairment; Incentives; Individual; Lead; Learning; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Depression; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methods; Motivation; National Institute of Mental Health; Onset of illness; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Process; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Research; Research Ethics; Research Training; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Risk Marker; Role; Services; Silk; Stimulus; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Work; Youth; affective neuroscience; behavior measurement; career; comparative; depressive symptoms; disability; early childhood; endophenotype; experience; indexing; interest; method development; neuroimaging; offspring; positive emotional state; prevent; prospective; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; reward processing; social; suicidal morbidity; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aim of the proposed This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (MRSDA) is to train the candidate in affective neuroscience and adolescent development relevant to understanding the role of positive emotionality, a potential endophenotype, in the development of depression in youth. Understanding the role of endophenotypes is critical for identifying those at greatest risk for depression. Although a number of studies demonstrate that positive emotionality is implicated in depression and risk for depression, few have examined reward-related brain function in the service of conducting critical tests of endophenotypes for depression. Adolescence is a particularly important point in the lifespan to address this issue because it is the peak time of onset for depression. The candidate has expertise in assessing positive emotionality using behavioral and self- report methods, early childhood development in offspring of depressed parents, youth depression, and longitudinal data analysis. He seeks to build on this expertise through this MRSDA to (1) learn from expert mentors and consultants about functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) approaches to investigating adolescent brain development, reward-related brain function, and pathophysiology of depression; (2) complete coursework in affective neuroscience, fMRI, data analysis, and research ethics; (3) attend workshops on fMRI and neuroimaging data analysis; and (4) conduct a study examining critical tests of positive emotionality, operationalized as reward-related brain functioning, as an endophenotype for depression. The University of Pittsburgh is a phenomenal environment to pursue this training as it has extensive resources in the areas of affective neuroscience, adolescent development, and adolescent depression. The candidate's mentors, Drs. Erika Forbes and Jennifer Silk, have extensive expertise in affect-related brain functioning in depression, adolescent development, and adolescent depression. The proposed training will occur in the context of a longitudinal study examining: (1) differences in reward-related brain functioning between non-depressed adolescents of parents with (N = 45) and without (N = 30) a history of depression; (2) the prospective relationship between reward-related brain functioning and depressive symptoms over an eighteen month period; and (3) prediction of the development of depressive symptoms prospectively predicted by reward- related brain functioning and self-report measures of positive emotionality. This will provide evidence for the comparative utility of each approach of identifying those at risk for depression. Consistent with the priorities outlined by the National Institute of Mental Health, the proposed MRSDA has the potential to address mechanisms of risk through investigating behavioral and biological processes. Further, the combination of training and research will serve as a spring board for the candidate's independent research career to further elucidate the role of positive emotionality in the development of depression during adolescence.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的这一指导研究科学家发展奖（MRSDA）的目的是培训候选人在情感神经科学和青少年发展相关的理解积极情绪的作用，一个潜在的内在表型，在青年抑郁症的发展。了解内表型的作用对于识别那些最有可能患抑郁症的人至关重要。虽然许多研究表明，积极的情绪与抑郁症和抑郁症的风险有关，但很少有人研究奖励相关的大脑功能，以进行抑郁症内表型的关键测试。青春期是解决这个问题的生命周期中特别重要的一点，因为它是抑郁症发病的高峰期。候选人具有使用行为和自我报告方法评估积极情绪，抑郁父母后代的早期儿童发展，青年抑郁症和纵向数据分析的专业知识。他试图通过这个MRSDA建立在这方面的专业知识，以（1）从专家导师和顾问那里学习功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）方法来调查青少年大脑发育，奖励相关的大脑功能和抑郁症的病理生理学;（2）完成情感神经科学，fMRI，数据分析和研究伦理学的课程;（3）参加关于fMRI和神经成像数据分析的研讨会;（4）进行一项研究，检查积极情绪的关键测试，作为奖励相关的大脑功能，作为抑郁症的内在表型。匹兹堡大学是一个非凡的环境，追求这种培训，因为它在情感神经科学，青少年发展和青少年抑郁症领域拥有广泛的资源。候选人的导师Erika福布斯博士和Jennifer Silk博士在抑郁症、青少年发展和青少年抑郁症中与情感相关的大脑功能方面拥有丰富的专业知识。建议的培训将发生在纵向研究的背景下，研究：（1）父母有抑郁症史（N = 45）和无抑郁症史（N = 30）的非抑郁症青少年之间奖励相关脑功能的差异;（2）奖励相关脑功能与抑郁症状之间的前瞻性关系超过18个月;以及（3）通过奖励相关的脑功能和积极情绪的自我报告测量来预测抑郁症状的发展。这将为识别抑郁症风险的每种方法的比较效用提供证据。与国家精神卫生研究所概述的优先事项相一致，拟议的MRSDA有可能通过调查行为和生物过程来解决风险机制。此外，培训和研究的结合将成为候选人独立研究生涯的跳板，以进一步阐明积极情绪在青春期抑郁症发展中的作用。