Defining the Electrophysiological Dynamics of the Default Mode Network

定义默认模式网络的电生理动力学

• 批准号: 8521381
• 负责人: Kurt E Weaver
• 金额: $ 13.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-10 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8521381
• 关键词: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Brain region; Caring; Cerebrum; Characteristics; Cognitive; Conscious; Craniotomy; Cues; Disease; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Epilepsy; Evaluation; Event; Frequencies; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Gold; Human; Impaired cognition; Individual; Information Networks; Intractable Epilepsy; Investigation; Judgment; Knowledge; Language; Lateral; Linguistics; Link; Literature; Location; Measures; Medial; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Metabolic; Methodology; Modality; Modeling; Nature; Neurologist; Neurons; Neurosurgeon; Operative Surgical Procedures; Parietal Lobe; Pathology; Pattern; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Property; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Response Latencies; Rest; Role; Scalp structure; Schizophrenia; Semantics; Signal Transduction; Slide; Source; Stimulus; Surface; System; Task Performances; Techniques; Thinking; Time; Training Programs; autism spectrum disorder; base; behavioral impairment; density; design; implantation; inattention; insight; interest; lexical; millisecond; network dysfunction; neurophysiology; neuropsychiatry; novel strategies; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Abnormal patterns of activity within the human default network (DN), which is a constellation of functionally connected brain regions that is engaged during introspective thought and suppressed during sensorimotor processing, has been linked to the cognitive and behavioral impairments associated with host of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, autism spectrum disorder or ADHD. For instance, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have revealed that aberrant patterns of DN activity may in part orchestrate disordered-thinking characteristic to schizophrenia. DN dysfunction, as illuminated with fMRI, across various neuropsychiatric disease states is likely not a consequence of a shared pathophysiologic process. Despite this assumption, remarkably little is known about the electrophysiological dynamics of the DN, information that is crucial to a mechanistic understanding of abnormal function at a systems level. The overall goal of the experiments outlined in this proposal is to define the electrophysiological dynamics of the DN using two techniques: 1, electrocortiography (ECoG), capitalizing on the standard-of-care implantation of subdural ECoG electrodes in the presurgical evaluation of individuals with intractable epilepsy and 2, high frequency scalp-based electroencephalography (EEG). Specific Aim 1 will use ECoG to determine the rapid and dynamic timing of neural responses within the DN during an evoked event-related introspective, 'self-referential' task and during DN suppression engendered by a linguistic task. In Specific Aim 2, we will use ECoG to characterize the interactions between the DN and a language or task positive network to elucidate the neuronal mechanisms underlying DN interference on task performance. However, use of ECoG is limited to populations requiring craniotomies for surgical exposure. Therefore, in Specific Aim 3 we will capitalize on new approaches in EEG methodology and examine the ability of EEG to localize electrical activity to the deep cortical regions of the DN, using ECoG as the gold standard. Building upon his background in functional imaging, a training program has been designed and a distinguished team of neurosurgeons, neurologists and electrophysiologists has been assembled to provide the candidate with the knowledge necessary to incorporate electrophysiology into his research activities. The future application of a multimodal approach, employing both functional imaging and electrophysiology to the pursuits of DN function in psychiatric populations provides an exquisitely sensitive means of profiling the range and contributions of DN dysfunction to the biological basis of mental health.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类默认网络（DN）内的异常活动模式与许多神经精神疾病（如精神分裂症、抑郁症、自闭症谱系障碍或多动症）相关的认知和行为障碍有关。DN 是一组功能上相互连接的大脑区域，在内省思维期间参与并在感觉运动处理过程中受到抑制。例如，功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 研究表明，DN 活动的异常模式可能在一定程度上导致了精神分裂症的思维障碍特征。正如功能磁共振成像所阐明的，各种神经精神疾病状态下的 DN 功能障碍可能不是共同病理生理过程的结果。尽管有这样的假设，但人们对 DN 的电生理动力学知之甚少，而这些信息对于系统水平上异常功能的机械理解至关重要。本提案中概述的实验的总体目标是使用两种技术来定义 DN 的电生理动力学：1、皮层电图描记术 (ECoG)，利用硬膜下 ECoG 电极的标准护理植入对难治性癫痫患者进行术前评估；2、基于高频头皮的脑电图 (EEG)。具体目标 1 将使用 ECoG 来确定在诱发事件相关的内省、“自我参照”任务期间以及语言任务引起的 DN 抑制期间 DN 内神经反应的快速和动态时序。在具体目标 2 中，我们将使用 ECoG 来表征 DN 与语言或任务正网络之间的交互，以阐明 DN 干扰任务表现的神经机制。然而，ECoG 的使用仅限于需要开颅手术进行手术暴露的人群。因此，在具体目标 3 中，我们将利用 EEG 方法中的新方法，并使用 ECoG 作为黄金标准，检查 EEG 将电活动定位到 DN 深层皮质区域的能力。基于他在功能成像方面的背景，设计了一个培训计划，并组建了一支由神经外科医生、神经学家和电生理学家组成的杰出团队，为候选人提供将电生理学纳入其研究活动所需的知识。多模式方法的未来应用，利用功能成像和电生理学来研究精神病人群的 DN 功能，为分析 DN 功能障碍的范围和对心理健康生物学基础的贡献提供了一种极其敏感的方法。