Integrating Perceptual Learning Approaches into Effective Therapies for Low Visio

将感知学习方法融入低视力的有效治疗中

• 批准号: 8560386
• 负责人: Aaron R Seitz
• 金额: $ 35.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8560386
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age related macular degeneration; Aging; Amblyopia; Asses; Base of the Brain; Biological Preservation; Cataract; Cataract Extraction; Complement; Complex; Contrast Sensitivity; Custom; Data; Development; Disease; Eye; Eyeglasses; Fracture; Future; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Injury; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Life; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Mission; Nature; Ocular Dominance; Ophthalmologist; Optometrist; Outcome; Patients; Perceptual learning; Photic Stimulation; Population; Process; Production; Property; Protocols documentation; Psychological reinforcement; Public Health; Publishing; Research; Research Support; Retinal; Speed; Staging; Stimulus; Stroke; Synapses; Synaptic plasticity; System; Target Populations; Therapeutic; Training; Translating; Veterans; Video Games; Vision; Vision Disorders; Vision research; Visual; Visual Acuity; Visual impairment; Visual system structure; Work; base; design; effective therapy; experience; improved; innovation; multisensory; novel; novel therapeutic intervention; prevent; public health relevance; rehabilitation service; retinal damage; sensory system; therapy development; therapy outcome; visual process; visual processing

There exists a fundamental gap in understanding of the complex interplay of the integrated processes that de- termine, induce and regulate plasticity in the perceptual systems. This gap represents an important problem because we can only have a fractured understanding of plasticity in the visual system without knowing how different factors contribute to and interact in learning. This limits our ability to effectively translate basic science findings of perceptual plasticity into therapies that could help the over 100 million people worldwide who suffer from low vision; deficits in vision due to disease, injury, stroke or aging that have significant negative im- pacts on all aspects of individuals' lives. The specific objective to fill the knowledge gap and develop a novel therapeutic approach that integrates, and benefits from, multiple perceptual-learning principles, is driven by the hypothesis that integrating perceptual-learning principles into a coordinated approach, will operate through multiple mechanisms to ameliorate a wider range of visual deficits. We formulated this hypothesis based on research showing that stimulus-reinforcement contingencies, multisensory stimulation, stimulation protocols derived from studies of synaptic plasticity, multi-stimulus training, and video games all enhance the magnitude and quality of learning. However, a key limitation of modern perceptual-learning research is the focus on singu- lar mechanisms, which fail to illuminate the coordinated interactions of multiple learning factors in natural set- tings. Our preliminary data show that a video game that integrates multiple approaches dramatically improves basic visual abilities (e.g., acuity and contrast), and generalizes to untrained stimulus sets. The rationale of the proposed research is that integrated approaches will unravel natural learning mechanisms and improve out- comes for the patients afflicted with low vision. In Aim 1, we will examine how perceptual learning approaches interact and determine the most efficacious integrated therapy, and in Aim 2, we will apply that therapy to low vision to understand mechanisms of action of the therapy to disease mechanisms affecting eye-dominance, spatial distortion to the retinal mosaic, and rapid change in aberrations in the eye. We are well prepared to undertake the proposed research because the investigative team combines veteran video game production executives and developers with an optometrist and a neuro-ophthalmologist who have experience treating low- vision populations. Aaron Seitz (PI), who developed many of the principles upon which this novel integrative approach is based, anchors the team. The proposed research is innovative because it represents a new and substantive departure from the status quo by integrating multiple principles of perceptual learning. This contri- bution is significant because the development of effective therapies to treat the brain-based aspect of low vi- sion can lead to life-altering benefits for many millions of people worldwide. Our proposed studies should also catalyze a paradigm shift in the field of vision research, and pave the way for designing efficacious treatments of low vision conditions like amblyopia, age-related macular degeneration and cataracts, in the future.

在理解综合过程的复杂相互作用方面存在着根本性的差距，这些过程决定了 终止、诱导和调节感知系统的可塑性。这个差距代表了一个重要的问题 因为我们只能对视觉系统的可塑性有一个支离破碎的理解，而不知道如何 不同的因素有助于学习并在学习中相互作用。这限制了我们有效转化基础科学的能力 感知可塑性的发现可用于治疗，可以帮助全世界 1 亿多受苦受难的人 视力低下；由于疾病、受伤、中风或衰老而导致的视力缺陷，这些缺陷会产生显着的负面影响 涉及个人生活各个方面的契约。填补知识空白并开发小说的具体目标 整合多种知觉学习原则并从中受益的治疗方法是由 假设将感知学习原则整合到协调的方法中，将通过 多种机制可改善更广泛的视力缺陷。我们提出这个假设是基于 研究表明刺激强化意外事件、多感官刺激、刺激方案 来自突触可塑性、多重刺激训练和视频游戏的研究都增强了强度 和学习质量。然而，现代感知学习研究的一个关键局限性是关注单一的 lar机制，未能阐明自然环境中多个学习因素的协调相互作用 廷斯。我们的初步数据表明，集成多种方法的视频游戏可以显着提高 基本视觉能力（例如，敏锐度和对比度），并推广到未经训练的刺激集。理由如下： 拟议的研究是，综合方法将解开自然学习机制并改善输出 适合视力低下的患者。在目标 1 中，我们将研究感知学习的方法 相互作用并确定最有效的综合疗法，在目标 2 中，我们将将该疗法应用于低 视力，了解影响眼睛优势的疾病机制的治疗作用机制， 视网膜马赛克的空间扭曲，以及眼睛像差的快速变化。我们已做好充分准备 进行拟议的研究，因为调查团队结合了资深的视频游戏制作人员 管理人员和开发人员与验光师和神经眼科医生一起工作，他们有治疗低视力的经验 视力人群。 Aaron Seitz（PI），他开发了这种新颖的综合性技术所依据的许多原则 方法是有基础的，是团队的锚。拟议的研究具有创新性，因为它代表了一种新的、 通过整合感知学习的多种原则，与现状有了实质性的背离。这个贡献 但这一点意义重大，因为开发有效的疗法来治疗基于大脑的低vi- 变革可以为全世界数百万人带来改变生活的好处。我们提出的研究还应该 促进视觉研究领域的范式转变，并为设计有效的治疗方法铺平道路 未来可预防弱视、年龄相关性黄斑变性和白内障等低视力疾病。