Financial Motivations to Quit Smoking and Prevent Related Economic Costs

描述(由申请人提供)：总体目标是通过在非医疗场所提供的新的、有效的预防措施，在所有吸烟者，特别是低收入吸烟者中预防未来与烟草有关的发病率、死亡率和医疗费用。我们的目标是通过建立经验基础，并开始根据戒烟的财务信息制定更有效的戒烟动机来实现这一点。开发这样一种低成本、以人口为基础的干预措施将扩大分娩环境的数量。这样的非医疗环境可能包括杂货店、银行、支票兑现地点、纳税准备办公室等，每一个都可能提供与吸烟成本相关的可教时刻。经济动机可以为特殊人群量身定做，例如，通过戒烟将退税增加一倍，或者为新生的孩子存钱。新的场所和有效、低成本干预措施的使用将有助于降低低收入吸烟者的吸烟率，并将解决吸烟、健康和收入方面的差距。通过在线网络实验和调查，我们将检验经济激励戒烟是否比健康激励更有效。我们将通过测试让受助者考虑他们的财务状况和根据他们特定的吸烟模式量身定做的影响来优化财务信息。基于这些发现以及我们在成瘾治疗和行为经济学方面的专业知识，我们将开始为低收入吸烟者开发一种低成本的干预措施。有效的、以人口为基础的方法减轻了不堪重负的医疗保健系统的压力，这与强调医疗保健改革和为低收入社区提供预防方案是一致的。目的1：确定经济动机戒烟是否比健康动机更有效。1.a.分析哪些因素导致戒烟的财务或健康信息的相对有效性存在差异。个人和当地社区的收入是一个关键因素，但将审查年龄、性别、教育、吸烟状况、其他社区措施和国家烟草政策。目标2：确定让吸烟者考虑经济或健康问题是否会使戒烟的信息更有效。2.a.分析哪些因素使不同的引爆类型更有效，例如，检查不同收入、年龄、性别、教育程度、吸烟状况和国家烟草政策的差异。探索性目标3：探索量身定做的信息和一般的信息哪个更有效。3.a.探索哪些因素可以解释消息类型有效性的差异，目的是了解每种启动类型中谁更有效；同样，收入是一个关键因素，但我们也会检查其他因素。探索性目标4：根据上述研究结果认识到吸烟的机会成本，并利用我们对吸烟者的经济激励方面的专业知识，开始开发可扩展的、基于人群的戒烟干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal is to prevent future tobacco-related morbidity, mortality and medical care expenses in all smokers, but especially low-income smokers by adoption of novel, effective prevention measures delivered in non-medical venues. We aim to accomplish this by building the empirical basis and beginning to develop a more effective motivation to quit smoking based on a financial message to quit. Developing such a low-cost, population-based, intervention would expand the number of delivery settings. Such non-medical settings could include grocery stores, banks, check-cashing locations, tax preparation offices, etc., each of which may offer its own teachable moments related to costs of smoking. The financial motivation can be tailored to special populations, e.g., double your tax refund by quitting smoking or save money for your new baby. New venues and use of an effective, low-cost intervention will aid in reducing the smoking rates of low-income smokers and will address disparities in smoking, health and income. Using online web-based experiments and surveys, we will test whether the financial incentive to quit smoking is more effective than the health incentive. We will optimize the financial message by testing the impact of both priming the recipients to think about their financial situation and by tailoring to their specific smoking pattern. Based on the findings and our expertise in addiction treatment and behavioral economics, we will begin to develop a low-cost, intervention for low-income smokers. Effective, population-based approaches reduce the strain on the overburdened health care system, consistent with the emphasis on health care reform and providing prevention programs for low-income communities. Aim 1: Determine whether the financial motivation to stop smoking is more effective than the health motivation. 1.a. Analyze which factors account for differences in the relative effectiveness of the financial or health message to quit smoking. Income of both the individual and the local community is a key factor, but age, gender, education, smoking status, other community measures, and state tobacco policies will be examined. Aim 2: Determine whether priming smokers to consider financial or health issues makes the message to quit more effective. 2.a. Analyze which factors make different priming types more effective, e.g., examine differences by income, age, gender, education, smoking status, and state tobacco policies. Exploratory Aim 3: Explore whether a tailored or general message is more effective. 3.a. Explore which factors account for differences in the effectiveness of message type with the goal of understanding for who each priming type is more effective; again income is a key factor but we will also examine other factors. Exploratory Aim 4: Begin developing a scalable, population-based smoking cessation intervention based on recognizing the opportunity cost of smoking based on findings from above and by using our expertise in economic incentives for smokers.