Human and Translational Immunology

描述(由申请者提供)：我们建议在耶鲁大学医学院开设一个新的人类免疫学和转化免疫学培训项目。在过去的30年里，免疫生物学取得了非凡的发展，改变了临床医学。在很大程度上，这种增长是实验模型的可获得性的结果，特别是近亲交配的小鼠品系，其中实验方法已经很好地发展，并且可以利用遗传修改来解决假说。然而，仅在啮齿动物模型上的研究不足以理解人类免疫生物学以及疾病和治疗过程中发生的人类免疫反应的干扰或操纵。了解小鼠和人类免疫反应之间的许多差异是很重要的，这样才能将新的科学发展应用于患者的治疗。重要的是，缺乏同时具有科学和临床背景的研究人员，使他们能够弥合基础免疫学发现和临床医学应用之间的差距。该计划旨在提供培训，以培养能够填补这一空白的领导者。它不同于传统的免疫生物学和临床专业的培训计划，其重点是将基本的免疫学发现应用于临床环境。这些教师包括杰出的转化型科学家，他们研究患者和/或当人类组织不可用时的人类疾病的小鼠模型中的疾病相关机制。受训人员将包括临床或研究生培训计划的博士后候选人，他们希望在人类翻译免疫生物学方面进行强化培训，以便在调查医学领域发展事业。该项目是通过免疫生物学系管理的，但教员是几个系的成员-医学院的临床和基础科学系。培训课程包括人类细胞和组织研究的教学指导和经验，临床研究方法，以及负责任的研究行为。研究经验包括在7个主题领域中的一个或多个领域进行培训，这些领域涵盖从遗传学、细胞免疫学到纳米颗粒的使用等广泛的人类疾病和技术。 相关性(见说明)：在基础免疫学方面已经有了突破，有可能导致针对许多人类疾病的新疗法。缺乏能够将这些进展转化为患者的临床科学家。这项拟议的计划将培训这样的人。致力于翻译研究的博士后研究员将接受人类疾病免疫学和治疗方面的强化培训。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose a new training program in Human and Translational Immunology at the Yale School of Medicine. There has been extraordinary growth in immunobiology the past 3 decades that has transformed clinical medicine. To a large extent, this growth is the result of the availability of experimental models, particularly inbred strains of mice, in which experimental methods have been well developed and genetic modifications can be exploited to address hypotheses. However, the studies in rodent models alone are not sufficient for understanding human immunobiology and the disturbances or manipulations of human immune responses that occur with disease and treatments. There are many differences between murine and human immune responses that are important to understand so that new scientific developments can be applied to the treatment of patients. Importantly, there is a shortage of investigators that have both the scientific and clinical backgrounds to enable them to bridge the gap between basic immunologic discoveries and the application to clinical medicine. This program is designed to provide training to develop leaders who can fill that void. It differs from traditional training programs in Immunobiology and clinical specialties in its emphasis on the application of basic immunologic discoveries to the clinical setting. The faculty include outstanding translational scientists who study disease relevant mechanisms in patients and/or in murine models of human disease when human tissues are not available. The trainees will include post-doctoral candidates from clinical or graduate training programs who desire intensive training in Human Translational Immunobiology in order to develop a career in investigative medicine. The program is administered through the Department of Immunobiology but the faculty are members of several departments - clinical and basic science, in the Medical School. The training curriculum involves didactic instruction and experience in studies with human cells and tissues, clinical research methods, and the responsible conduct of research. The research experience includes training in one or more of 7 thematic areas that cover a broad spectrum of human diseases and technologies from genetics, cellular immunology, to the use of nanoparticles. RELEVANCE (See instructions): There have been breakthroughs in basic immunology that have the potential to lead to new therapies for many human conditions. There is a shortfall of clinical scientists able to translate these developments to patients. This proposed program will train such individuals. Postdoctoral fellows, with a commitment to translational research will receive intense training in immunology of human disease and therapies.