Predicting the benefits of spatial and spectrotemporal cues

预测空间和光谱时间线索的好处

• 批准号: 8291926
• 负责人: FREDERICK J. GALLUN
• 金额: $ 28.35万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8291926
• 关键词: Address; Age; Age-Years; Aging; American; Audiometry; Auditory; Clinic; Clinical; Communication; Complement; Complex; Counseling; Cues; Development; Devices; Disabled Persons; Emotional; Environment; Gender; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Aids; Individual; Knowledge; Lead; Location; Masks; Measures; Metric; Modeling; Noise; Patient Care; Patients; Performance; Persons; Population; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Restaurants; Self Perception; Simulate; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Source; Speech; Speech Intelligibility; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Stimulus; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Variant; Voice; Withdrawal; Workplace; base; binaural hearing; clinically significant; design; disability; handicapping condition; hearing impairment; improved; indexing; programs; social; sound; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Of the 36 million hearing-impaired Americans, 21 million are over 45 years of age, and 35-40% of persons over 65 years of age are hearing-impaired. As the population ages, the number of Americans who are both older and hearing-impaired will only increase. Despite decades of research on speech understanding in noise, there is no theoretical explanation for the increased difficulties older hearing- impaired listener have in multitalker environments as compared to their younger counterparts. This fundamental gap in our knowledge makes it impossible to address clinically the devastating effects of an inability to communicate in social environments such as restaurants, the workplace, and many retail environments. These effects include increased self-perception of handicap and social withdrawal. This research program will seek to determine whether or not speech perception ability in multitalker situations can be predicted by measuring sensitivity to spatial, spectral, ad temporal information. The clinical significance of the research proposed is related directly to the ability to predict how successful an individual listener will be in a given multitalker environment Despite the evidence that binaural hearing, sensitivity to temporal information, and sensitivity to spectral information are impaired in listeners with hearing impairment, and the fact that tests have been developed for the clinic that are intended to be sensitive to these abilities, there are very few clinical audiologists who routinely test these abilities as part of their audiometric examination. If it can be demonstrated which subset of these clinical tests are accurate predictors of speech recognition in a multitalker background, the knowledge gained will allow the clinician to more accurately predict the expected clinical benefit of a particular hearing device for a specific user in various environments. This will allow the clinician to choose and fit hearing aids more successfully and to counsel patients more effectively in terms of the benefit they should expect in various environments. Similar benefits to patient care will be obtained by providing this information to the developers of hearing aid technology and rehabilitative training programs, who could then develop specific devices and techniques to address those deficits that occur most often. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research will test whether or not individual sensitivity to spatial, spectral, and/or temporal information can predict speech understanding in complex environments. Accurately predicting speech recognition in a multitalker background on the basis of a set of rapid and reliable measures would allow the clinician to design rehabilitatio programs targeting more than simply restoring audibility, which is the only goal currently associated with a simple set of tests: the audiogram. Knowing more precisely the relationship between sensitivity to various cues and predicted benefit would allow the clinician to choose and fit hearing aids more successfully, prescribe rehabilitative auditory training in a more targeted manner, and to counsel patients more effectively in terms of the benefit they should expect.

描述(申请人提供)：在3600万听力受损的美国人中，2100万人的年龄在45岁以上，65岁以上的人中有35%-40%的人听力受损。随着人口老龄化，美国老年人和听力受损的人数只会增加。尽管对噪声中的语音理解进行了数十年的研究，但没有理论上解释老年听力障碍者在多人环境中比年轻听力障碍者更难理解的原因。我们知识中的这种根本鸿沟使我们不可能在临床上解决在餐馆、工作场所和许多零售环境等社交环境中无法沟通的破坏性影响。这些影响包括增加对障碍的自我感知和社交退缩。这项研究计划将寻求确定是否可以通过测量对空间、光谱和时间信息的敏感度来预测在多人情况下的言语感知能力。提出的这项研究的临床意义与 能够预测单个听众在给定的多人环境中的成功程度，尽管有证据表明，双耳听力、对时间信息的敏感性以及对 有听力障碍的听者的频谱信息受到损害，而事实上已经为临床开发了对这些能力敏感的测试，很少有临床听力学专家将这些能力作为他们听力检查的一部分进行常规测试。如果能够证明这些临床测试中的哪个子集是多人背景下语音识别的准确预测指标，所获得的知识将使临床医生能够更准确地预测特定听力设备在各种环境中对特定用户的预期临床益处。这将允许临床医生选择和匹配 助听器能够更成功地帮助患者，并能更有效地为患者提供咨询，帮助他们在不同的环境中获得应有的益处。通过将这些信息提供给助听器技术和康复培训计划的开发商，他们可以开发特定的设备和技术来解决最常见的缺陷，从而获得与患者护理类似的好处。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究将测试个体对空间、光谱和/或时间信息的敏感度是否可以预测复杂环境中的语音理解。根据一套快速可靠的措施，准确预测多人背景下的语音识别，将允许临床医生设计康复计划，其目标不仅仅是恢复听力，这是目前与一组简单测试相关的唯一目标：听力图。更准确地了解对各种提示的敏感度和预期益处之间的关系，将使临床医生能够更成功地选择和安装助听器，以更有针对性的方式开出康复听力训练处方，并就患者应该获得的益处更有效地提供咨询。