Novel Approaches for Linking Air Quality Mixtures, Climate, and Human Health

将空气质量混合物、气候和人类健康联系起来的新方法

• 批准号: 8618568
• 负责人: John Lanier Pearce
• 金额: $ 12.69万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-23 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8618568
• 关键词: Address; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Area; Award; Biological; Biostatistical Methods; Birth; Cardiovascular Diseases; Climate; Cohort Studies; Complex; Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Foundations; Funding; Generations; Health; Heating; Human; Incidence; Infant; Institutes; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Lung diseases; Mentors; Meteorology; Methodology; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Outcome; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Process; Public Health; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Scientist; Series; Staging; Statistical Methods; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Time; Training; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Universities; Variant; Work; base; career; climate change; design; epidemiology study; improved; mortality; novel strategies; pollutant; public health relevance; response; skills; spatiotemporal

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Urban air pollution is a significant public health problem with estimated mortality impacts predominantly among infants and elderly people with pre-existing cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Research on ambient air pollution health effects has begun shifting research objectives away from the single-pollutant paradigm to a more multipollutant or mixtures perspective in order to better understand the impacts of "real world" air pollution exposures on human health. Another area that is fundamentally linked to air quality and of increasing concern for public health is climate change. During the initial K99 phase, the candidate will work closely with mentors to develop improved statistical methodologies for assessing the effects of multipollutant exposures in epidemiological studies, a natural extension of current postdoctoral research. The intent here is to shift focus from identifying the types of air pollutant mixtures that occur in th environment to characterizing multipollutant exposures for epidemiological research. These will be applied to two ongoing epidemiological investigations that are being conducted within the Southeastern Center for Air Pollution Epidemiology (SCAPE); a US EPA funded Clean Air Research Center (CLARC, R834799) shared between Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology: a short-term ecological study and a long-term cohort study. During the mentored phase, multipollutant temporal profiles will be developed for an investigation of short-term associations with exposure and cardiorespiratory health outcomes. Next, multipollutant spatial profiles will be developed to examine long-term associations between multipollutant exposure and respiratory disease incidence. During this phase, the candidate will receive new training in biostatistical and epidemiologic methods focused on environmental epidemiology at Emory University. Transitioning to independence in the R00 phase of the award, these new skills will be merged with the PhD training to pursue research focused on understanding the implications of climate on air quality mixtures. The first specific aim will examine the meteorological sensitivity of specific multipollutant combinations in order to better understand potential changes in air pollutant mixtures under various climate scenarios. The final specific aim is to develop environmental profiles for the examination of human health vulnerability to heat and multipollutant mixtures. At the conclusion of this award, the candidate intends to have demonstrated expertise in analyzing effects for the emerging research areas of multipollutant mixtures and climate variability, providing a firm basis for my career as an environmental health scientist focusing on exposure characterizations for epidemiological research.

描述（由申请人提供）： 城市空气污染是一个重大的公共卫生问题，估计的死亡率主要影响患有心血管和呼吸道疾病的老年人。对环境污染健康影响的研究已开始将研究目标从单污染物范式转移到更多污染物或混合物的观点，以便更好地了解“现实世界”空气污染对人类健康的影响。从根本上讲，与空气质量有关的另一个领域是气候变化。在最初的K99阶段，候选人将与导师紧密合作，以开发改进的统计方法，以评估流行病学研究中多币暴露的影响，这是当前博士后研究的自然扩展。这里的目的是将重点从确定环境中发生的空气污染物混合物的类型转变为表征流行病学研究的多层面暴露。这些将应用于在东南空气污染流行病学中心（SPAPE）内进行的两项正在进行的流行病学研究。美国EPA资助的清洁空气研究中心（CLARC，R834799）共享埃默里大学与乔治亚技术研究所：一项短期生态研究和一项长期同类研究。在指导的阶段，将开发多层的时间概况，以研究与暴露和心肺健康结果的短期关联。接下来，将开发多层面的空间特征，以检查多币暴露与呼吸道疾病发生率之间的长期关联。在此阶段，候选人将接受针对埃默里大学环境流行病学的生物统计和流行病学方法的新培训。在奖励的R00阶段过渡到独立性，这些新技能将与博士培训合并，以进行研究，重点是理解气候对空气质量混合物的影响。第一个具体目的将检查特定多层组合的气象敏感性，以便更好地了解潜在的变化 在各种气候场景下的空气污染物混合物中。最终的具体目的是开发环境概况，以检查人类健康脆弱性和多币种混合物的脆弱性。在该奖项结束时，候选人打算在分析对多币种混合物和气候变异性的新兴研究领域的影响方面具有专业知识，为我作为我作为环境健康科学家的职业提供了坚定的基础，专注于专注于流行病学研究的暴露特征。