Novel Approaches for Linking Air Quality Mixtures, Climate, and Human Health

将空气质量混合物、气候和人类健康联系起来的新方法

• 批准号: 8923273
• 负责人: John Lanier Pearce
• 金额: $ 24.21万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-08 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8923273
• 关键词: Address; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Area; Award; Biological; Biostatistical Methods; Birth; Cardiovascular Diseases; Climate; Cohort Studies; Complex; Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Foundations; Funding; Generations; Health; Heating; Human; Infant; Institutes; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Lung diseases; Mentors; Meteorology; Methodology; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Outcome; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Public Health; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Scientist; Series; Staging; Statistical Methods; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Time; Training; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Universities; Variant; Work; ambient air pollution; atmospheric processes; base; career; climate change; climate variability; design; epidemiology study; improved; mortality; novel strategies; pollutant; response; skills; spatiotemporal

PROJECT SUMMARY: Urban air pollution is a significant public health problem with estimated mortality impacts predominantly among infants and elderly people with pre-existing cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Research on ambient air pollution health effects has begun shifting research objectives away from the single-pollutant paradigm to a more multipollutant or mixtures perspective in order to better understand the impacts of “real world” air pollution exposures on human health. Another area that is fundamentally linked to air quality and of increasing concern for public health is climate change. During the initial K99 phase, I will work closely with mentors to develop improved statistical methodologies for assessing the effects of multipollutant exposures in epidemiological studies, a natural extension of my current postdoctoral research. I will shift focus from identifying the types of air pollutant mixtures that occur in the environment to characterizing multipollutant exposures for epidemiological research. These will be applied to two ongoing epidemiological investigations that are being conducted within the Southeastern Center for Air Pollution Epidemiology (SCAPE); a US EPA funded Clean Air Research Center (CLARC, R834799) shared between Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology: a short-term ecological study and a long-term cohort study. During the mentored phase, I will develop multipollutant temporal profiles for the investigation of short-term associations with multipollutant exposure and cardiorespiratory health outcomes. Next, I will develop multipollutant spatial profiles for the investigation of long-term associations between multipollutant exposure and the development of respiratory disease. During this phase, I will also receive new training in biostatistical and epidemiologic methods focused on environmental epidemiology at Emory University. Transitioning to independence in the R00 phase of the award, I will merge these new skills with my PhD training as I pursue research focused on understanding the implications of climate on air quality mixtures. My first independent aim will examine the meteorological sensitivity of specific multipollutant combinations in order to better understand potential changes in air pollutant mixtures under various climate scenarios. The final proposed aim is to develop environmental profiles for the examination of human health vulnerability to heat and multipollutant mixtures. At the conclusion of this award, I will have demonstrated expertise in analyzing effects for the emerging research areas of multipollutant mixtures and climate variability, providing a firm basis for my career as an environmental health scientist focusing on exposure characterizations for epidemiological research.

项目摘要：城市空气污染是一个重大的公共卫生问题，估计死亡率 影响主要发生在婴儿和老年人中， 疾病关于环境空气污染对健康影响的研究已经开始将研究目标从 从单一污染物模式到多污染物或混合物的角度，以便更好地了解 “真实的世界”空气污染暴露对人类健康的影响。另一个从根本上与空气有关的领域 质量和日益关注的公共卫生是气候变化。在K99的初期阶段， 与导师密切合作，制定更好的统计方法，以评估多种污染物的影响 流行病学研究中的暴露，这是我目前博士后研究的自然延伸。我会转移注意力 从识别环境中出现的空气污染物混合物类型到表征多污染物 用于流行病学研究。这些将应用于两项正在进行的流行病学调查 正在东南空气污染流行病学中心（SCAPE）进行;美国环保署 埃默里大学和格鲁吉亚研究所共享资助的清洁空气研究中心（CLARC，R834799） 技术：短期生态研究和长期队列研究。在学习阶段，我将 编制多污染物的时间分布图，以便调查与多污染物的短期联系 暴露和心肺健康结果。接下来，我将开发多污染物的空间配置文件， 多污染物暴露与呼吸道疾病发展之间长期关系的调查 疾病在此阶段，我还将接受生物统计学和流行病学方法的新培训， 埃默里大学的环境流行病学教授过渡到独立的R 00阶段 我将把这些新技能与我的博士培训相结合，因为我追求的研究重点是了解 气候对空气质量混合物的影响。我的第一个独立目标是检查气象 特定多污染物组合的敏感性，以便更好地了解空气污染物的潜在变化 不同气候情景下的混合物。拟议的最后一个目标是为 研究人类健康对高温和多种污染物混合物的脆弱性。在这个奖项的最后，我 在分析多污染物的新兴研究领域的影响方面具有专业知识 混合物和气候变化，为我作为环境健康科学家的职业生涯提供了坚实的基础 侧重于流行病学研究的暴露特征。