Adolescent Health and Development in Context

青少年健康与发展 摘要 我们提出了一个前所未有的数据收集工作，强调空间和社会曝光的影响， 风险行为，受害，和心理/身体健康的大样本的青年（N=5,200）和他们的 俄亥俄州富兰克林县的护理人员。拟议的研究有三个总体目标：（1）审查 多种社会背景的关键结构和社会过程特征对青年的影响 发展结果（风险行为，受害和心理/身体健康）;（2）检查情境 在真实的时间对青年发展结果的影响;（3）检查青年的 “社区”-即，青少年通过日常活动所处的行动者和环境网络 影响他们的健康和发展结果。该项目提供了三个重大进展 对青年发展的背景研究。首先，我们将收集一系列全面的数据， 与发展相关的环境，包括家庭/住户、住宅、学校、社交网络和其他 正式和非正式的“活动空间”环境（例如，教堂、娱乐中心、企业和“闲逛” 地点）。这种多语境的强调将使我们能够检查广泛的语境的影响， 关注青年福祉的重要方面。第二，我们将使用生态瞬时评估 收集行为设置的实时数据，包括同伴在场，成人监督， 结构表征活动和行为/健康结果。这些时空定位的网络数据 将提供青年发展的社会网络和空间背景之间的经验联系， 分析情境对设定结果的影响。第三，我们将收集空间和地理编码数据， 青年活动的组织环境，以确定抽样青年中重叠的活动地点（例如， 在同一所学校、教堂、公园等度过时间的受试者）。这些信息将用于构建 在青年和活动地点之间建立演员关系网络， “社区”结构。青少年所处的社区的特点可能 对福祉的重要影响，超出了以往研究中通常衡量的那些背景。 我们的分析方法将结合联合收割机空间和多层次空间统计模型来探索关键假设。 这项研究的结果有可能阐明环境因素 影响青少年的健康。

Adolescent Health and Development in Context Abstract We propose an unprecedented data collection effort emphasizing the impact of spatial and social exposures on risk behavior, victimization, and mental/physical health for a large sample of youth (N=5,200) and their caregivers in Franklin County, Ohio. The proposed study has three overarching aims: (1) examine the influence of key structural and social process characteristics of multiple social contexts on youth developmental outcomes (risk behavior, victimization, and mental/physical health); (2) examine situational effects on youth developmental outcomes in real time; and (3) examine the extent to which youth's "communities"-i.e., the networks of actors and settings in which adolescents are embedded through routine exposure-influence their health and developmental outcomes. This project offers three significant advances over prior contextual studies of youth development. First, we will collect data on a comprehensive array of developmentally relevant settings including family/household, residential, school, social network, and other formal and informal "activity space" contexts (e.g., churches, recreation centers, businesses, and "hang out" locations). This multi-contextual emphasis will enable us to examine the influence of a wide range of contextual exposures on significant aspects of youth well-being. Second, we will use Ecological Momentary Assessment to collect real-time data on behavioral settings, including peer presence, adult supervision, the level of structure characterizing activities, and behavioral/health outcomes. These space-time situated network data will offer empirical linkages between the social network and spatial contexts of youth development enabling analyses of situational influences on setting outcomes. Third, we will collect geo-coded data on the spatial and organizational settings of youth activities to identify overlapping activity locations among sampled youth (e.g., subjects who spend time at the same school, church, park, etc.). This information will be used to construct actor-setting affiliation networks among youth and activity locations, capturing heretofore unmeasured "community" structure. Characteristics of the communities in which adolescents are embedded may have important implications for well-being, above and beyond those contexts typically measured in prior research. Our analytic approach will combine spatial and multilevel spatial statistical models to explore key hypotheses. Findings from the study have the potential to illuminate critical pathways through which contextual factors influence adolescent well-being.