Preventing Drug Abuse among Hispanic Adolescents

描述(由申请人提供)：这份重新提交的申请解决了最初审查中发现的弱点。根据PAS-09-001，药物滥用流行病学和服务研究与临床和翻译科学奖联盟(R01)合作编写的申请，制定了开发、测试和传播互动程序的计划，以推迟药物使用的开始，并防止拉美裔青年中的有害使用和滥用。研究参与者将来自曼哈顿北部，那里居住着大量来自多米尼加、波多黎各和其他背景的西班牙裔家庭。该预防计划以双文化能力和社会学习理论为基础，将使年轻人掌握认知和行为技能，以应对拉美裔青少年中与吸毒有关的特定种族和泛种族风险和保护因素。青少年将通过个人电脑访问该计划的10个初始阶段和年度促进阶段。通过一个人体模拟互动平台，该项目将使用人工智能、情绪状态的图形描绘，以及一个分支学习环境，年轻人可以在其中获得、试用、接收反馈并掌握新的人际交往技能。融入每一次方案会议的文化内容，再加上专门讨论文化适应、拉美裔传统和双文化压力等问题的会议，将使方案主题连贯一致，并增强其吸引力和价值。研究设计为随机临床试验。被录取的11岁、12岁和13岁的青少年将完成基线措施，干预组青少年将接受初步预防计划，所有青少年将完成干预后以及12、24和36个月的随访措施。干预-ARM青少年在完成12个月和24个月的跟踪测量后，将额外接受两次助推器疗程。假设检验分析将检查武器之间和后续测量场合的30天吸毒率。此外，我们还将分析与药物使用风险和保护因素相关的中介变量的干预效果。我们还将评估中介变量的变化在多大程度上解释药物使用的差异。而且，我们将检查性别差异，并在可能的情况下，研究结果中的移民状况和种族背景差异。在试验结束时，假设纵向研究结果支持经过测试的预防方法，我们将修改该计划，以增加其对全美拉美裔青年的吸引力，我们将通过各种在线资源传播修订后的计划。在整个过程中，我们将监测节目的传播。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This resubmitted application addresses the weaknesses identified in its initial review. Prepared in response to PAS-09-001, Drug Abuse Epidemiology and Services Research in Cooperation with the Clinical and Translational Science Awards Consortium (R01), the application lays plans to develop, test, and disseminate an interactive program to delay the onset of drug use and to prevent harmful use and abuse among Hispanic youths. Study participants will come from Northern Manhattan, home to a large population of Hispanic families from Dominican, Puerto Rican, and other backgrounds. Grounded in bicultural competence and social learning theories, the prevention program will equip youths with cognitive and behavioral skills to address ethnic-specific and pan-ethnic risk and protective factors associated with drug use among Hispanic adolescents. Youths will access the program's 10 initial sessions and annual booster sessions via personal computer. Through a human simulation interaction platform, the program will employ artificial intelligence, graphic portrayals of emotional states, and a branched learning environment in which youths can acquire, try out, receive feedback on, and master new interpersonal skills. Cultural content woven into every programmatic session, together with sessions expressly dedicated to issues of acculturation, Hispanic traditions, and bicultural stress will give the program thematic coherence and enhance its attraction and value. The study design is a randomized clinical trial. Enrolled 11-, 12-, and 13-year-old youths will complete baseline measures, intervention-arm youths will receive the initial prevention program, and all youths will complete post-intervention and 12-, 24-, and 36-month follow-up measures. Intervention-arm youths will additionally receive pairs of booster sessions after they complete 12- and 24-month follow-up measurements. Hypothesis testing analyses will examine 30-day drug use rates between arms and across follow-up measurement occasions. In addition, we will analyze intervention effects on mediator variables associated with drug use risk and protective factors. We also will assess the extent to which changes on mediator variables explain drug use differences. And, we will examine gender differences, and, to the extent possible, immigration status and ethnic background differences in study outcomes. At the conclusion of the trial, and assuming that longitudinal findings support the tested prevention approach, we will revise the program to increase its appeal for Hispanic youth across America, and we will disseminate the revised program through a variety of online resources. Throughout, we will monitor program dissemination.