Impulsive Decision Making Among Smokers: Effects of Exercise and Abstinence

吸烟者的冲动决策：运动和戒烟的影响

• 批准号: 8542808
• 负责人: DAVID J DROBES
• 金额: $ 8.09万
• 依托单位: H. LEE MOFFITT CANCER CTR & RES INST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8542808
• 关键词: Abstinence; Address; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Affective; Area; Attention; Attenuated; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Cessation of life; Clinical; Cognitive; Decision Making; Disease; Drug usage; Exercise; Experimental Designs; Future; Goals; Impulsivity; Individual; Knowledge; Laboratory Study; Lead; Limbic System; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Motivation; Nicotine; Nicotine Withdrawal; Performance; Pharmacotherapy; Physical activity; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Research; Rewards; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Withdrawal; Withdrawal Symptom; base; cigarette smoking; cognitive function; craving; deprivation; design; discount; discounting; disorder prevention; effective therapy; experience; indexing; mortality; smoking cessation; success; traditional therapy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nicotine withdrawal is characterized by increased cravings, negative affect and declines in cognitive functioning (Hughes, 2007). There is also evidence to suggest that impulsive decision making is increased during periods of nicotine abstinence among smokers (Doran et al., 2004; Field et al., 2006). Traditional therapies for smoking cessation have been largely designed to attenuate the rewarding effects of nicotine, but success rates remain low (Fiore et al., 2008). Ideally, smoking cessation therapies should attenuate multiple aspects of nicotine withdrawal (Bickel et al., 2007), including cravings, affective and cognitive/attentional disruptions, as well as impulsive decision making. There is growing evidence that aerobic exercise may provide an effective treatment for smoking cessation. During nicotine deprivation, single sessions of exercise have been found to consistently attenuate multiple symptoms of withdrawal (Taylor et al., 2007), and, in a broader literature, exercise has been shown to increase cognitive functioning (Tomporowski, 2003; Smith et al., 2010). Therefore, the main aim of the proposed research is to determine the effects of a single bout of aerobic exercise on the degree of impulsive decision making amongst nicotine addicted smokers. Demonstrating that exercise can attenuate withdrawal and impulsive decision making will further substantiate its use as an effective treatment for smoking cessation.

描述（由申请人提供）：尼古丁戒断的特征是烟瘾增加、负面影响和认知功能下降（Hughes，2007）。还有证据表明，吸烟者在尼古丁戒断期间冲动的决策会增加（Doran等人，2004年; Field等人，2006年）。戒烟的传统疗法在很大程度上被设计成减弱尼古丁的奖励作用，但成功率仍然很低（Fiore等人，2008年）。理想地，戒烟疗法应减弱尼古丁戒断的多个方面（Bickel等人，2007），包括渴望，情感和认知/注意力中断，以及冲动决策。越来越多的证据表明，有氧运动可能是一种有效的戒烟方法。在尼古丁剥夺期间，已经发现单次锻炼持续地减轻多种戒断症状（Taylor等人，2007），并且，在更广泛的文献中，运动已被证明可以增加认知功能（Tomporowski，2003; Smith等人，2010年）。 因此，本研究的主要目的是确定一次有氧运动对尼古丁成瘾吸烟者冲动决策程度的影响。证明运动可以减轻戒断和冲动的决定将进一步证实其作为戒烟的有效治疗方法。