Neural and Social Processes of Positive Affect in Children at Risk for Depression

对有抑郁风险的儿童产生积极影响的神经和社会过程

• 批准号: 8696882
• 负责人: Judith K. Morgan
• 金额: $ 15.65万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-05 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8696882
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Communication; Conditioned Stimulus; Corpus striatum structure; Development; Disease; Emotions; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Mental Depression; Mentorship; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; Nucleic Acid Regulatory Sequences; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Population; Positioning Attribute; Positive Reinforcements; Process; Psychopathology; Puberty; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Support; Rewards; Risk; Risk Marker; School-Age Population; Schools; Seeds; Silk; Social Environment; Social Functioning; Socialization; Staging; Symptoms; Time; Training; affective neuroscience; base; brain behavior; child depression; clinically relevant; depressive symptoms; design; early childhood; experience; high risk; innovation; maternal depression; mortality; neurobehavioral; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; parental influence; peer; positive emotional state; prevent; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; reward circuitry; social; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children of depressed mothers are three times more likely to develop depression in their lifetime. However, mechanisms of risk from mother to child are unclear, although research supports the importance of neural response to reward and of maternal socialization processes in the development of depression. Developmental affective neuroscience models suggest that depression is a disorder of problematic social functioning, with alterations in enjoying rewards within social contexts, and these reward-related difficulties may be associated with transmission of risk. Given that the development of psychopathology begins long before the emergence of symptoms, and given the importance of understanding early trajectories toward depression, the proposed MRSDA focuses on developmental changes that occur in the early school age period. Evaluating neural and behavioral processing of social rewards during the early school period may elucidate whether high risk children show alterations in positive affect during this developmental shift in social contexts and if these alterations are related to maternal socialization. The proposed MRSDA bridges the candidate's prior expertise in early childhood affective development with innovative research in developmental affective neuroscience to uniquely position her as a translational researcher evaluating clinically-relevant, reward-related neurobehavioral differences in early school age children at risk for depression. It is proposed that the combination of low positive affect and maternal discouragement of positive affect may contribute to self-regulatory processes that dampen positive affect during this developmental period, even though clinical levels of depressive symptoms may not emerge until the onset of puberty. To appropriately evaluate her research questions, the candidate will receive training in functional neuroanatomical and neural bases of affective and social processes across childhood and adolescence. The candidate will advance her training in maternal socialization processes associated with positive affect; designing, adapting, and conducting fMRI paradigms that assess reward function with a young child population; and advanced statistical analysis to evaluate brain-behavior associations and to conduct future longitudinal studies on the trajectory of risk for depression across development. Her mentorship team has extensive experience in developmental affective neuroscience and maternal socialization patterns (Drs. Forbes, Allen, Silk, Goodman), utilization of functional neuroimaging in young children to answer clinically-relevant questions (Drs. Luby and Perlman), and advanced statistical analysis (Dr. Iyengar). Altogether, the proposed MRSDA has the potential to advance the field of developmental affective neuroscience by identifying mechanisms of risk for depression and mechanisms of change for intervention.

描述（由申请人提供）：抑郁母亲的孩子一生中患抑郁症的可能性是母亲的三倍。然而，从母亲到孩子的风险机制尚不清楚，虽然研究支持神经反应的奖励和母亲的社会化过程中抑郁症的发展的重要性。发展情感神经科学模型表明，抑郁症是一种有问题的社会功能障碍，在社会环境中享受奖励的改变，这些奖励相关的困难可能与风险的传递有关。鉴于精神病理学的发展早在症状出现之前就开始了，并且考虑到了解抑郁症早期轨迹的重要性，拟议的MRSDA侧重于学龄早期发生的发展变化。评估早期学校期间的社会奖励的神经和行为处理可能会阐明是否高风险儿童在这种发展转变中的社会背景下，如果这些变化与母亲的社会化表现出积极的影响改变。拟议的MRSDA桥梁候选人的早期儿童情感发展与发展情感神经科学的创新研究的专业知识，以独特的定位她作为一个翻译研究人员评估临床相关， 奖励相关的神经行为差异在早期学龄儿童抑郁症的风险。有人建议，低积极的影响和母亲劝阻积极的影响相结合，可能有助于自我调节的过程，抑制积极的影响，在这一发展时期，即使临床水平的抑郁症状可能不会出现，直到青春期开始。为了适当地评估她的研究问题，候选人将接受儿童和青少年情感和社会过程的功能神经解剖学和神经基础的培训。候选人将推进她在与积极影响相关的母亲社会化过程中的培训;设计，调整和进行功能磁共振成像范例，评估幼儿人群的奖励功能;和先进的统计分析，以评估大脑行为协会，并对未来的纵向研究在整个发展过程中抑郁症的风险轨迹。她的导师团队在发展情感神经科学和母亲社会化模式（福布斯，艾伦，丝绸，古德曼博士），利用幼儿功能性神经成像来回答临床相关问题（吕比和帕尔曼博士）和高级统计分析（艾扬格博士）方面拥有丰富的经验。总之，拟议的MRSDA有可能通过识别抑郁症的风险机制和干预的变化机制来推进发展情感神经科学领域。