A Website to Teach Children Safety with Dogs: Development and Evaluation

一个教导儿童与狗安全相处的网站：开发和评估

• 批准号: 8625632
• 负责人: DAVID C SCHWEBEL
• 金额: $ 18.04万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8625632
• 关键词: Achievement; Adult; Age; American; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Benchmarking; Bite; Canis familiaris; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Child; Child Development; Child health care; Childhood; Cognition; Cognitive; Computers; Data; Development; Dog Bite; Educational process of instructing; Environment; Evaluation; Evaluation Studies; Experimental Designs; Exposure to; Eye; Frequencies; Goals; Habits; Health; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Home environment; Hospitalization; Humor; Individual; Injury; Internet; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Learning; Life; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Movement; Mus; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Pre-Post Tests; Prevention program; Program Acceptability; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Risk; Safety; Sampling; Simulate; Structure; Supervision; System; Testing; Time; Training; United States; Video Games; Visit; base; behavior change; design; early childhood; effective intervention; high risk; improved; innovation; intervention program; literate; meetings; mortality; parental influence; pedestrian safety; post intervention; prevent; programs; public health relevance; randomized trial; simulation; skills; statistics; success; theories; tool; usability; web site

A Website to Teach Children Safety with Dogs: Development and Evaluation Dog bites result in over 800,000 doctor/ER visits, 6000 hospitalizations, and a dozen deaths each year in the United States. By a large margin, children suffer the highest risk - and children typically are bitten by familiar dogs in familiar places. Several programs exist to reduce pediatric dog bite risk, but few are empirically- supported or theoretically-motivated. None are widely disseminated. This study builds from existing child dog bite prevention programs to develop and then evaluate a website to teach children safe interactions with dogs. The website will be interactive, entertaining, and engaging, allowing children (target ages 4-6) to learn in a technologically-sophisticated and interactive environment. It will be developed based in behavioral theory. Hearkening child development theory, it will teach and permit practice of cognitive skills that develop in early childhood and are critical to safety with dogs: impulse control, perspective taking, and attention to details. Hearkening health behavior change theory, the website will help children and their parents perceive personal vulnerability to bites, recognize normative behavior to protect themselves, and have personal motivation to change previous habits. Overarching the website design will be goals to create an engaging and entertaining environment, and to facilitate cognitive and behavioral change on the part of both child and parent via multiple mechanisms. Besides teaching children, the website will educate parents via an innovative messaging system triggered by child attainment of points and "skill levels". Following website development, an evaluation study will investigate usability and efficacy of the website using a repeated measures pre-test, post-test experimental design. 68 children ages 4-6 will be recruited, complete a pre-intervention assessment evaluating knowledge and behavior relevant to dog safety via multiple methods, and then be randomly assigned to use either the newly-developed dog safety website or a control pedestrian safety website at home over the subsequent 2 weeks. Frequent reminders will encourage website use. Following the 2-week period, all children will return for a post-intervention assessment battery to evaluate knowledge and behavior change. Data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with primary hypotheses tested using linear mixed models.

一个教导儿童与狗安全相处的网站：开发和评估 美国每年因狗咬伤而导致超过 800,000 人次就诊、6000 人住院以及十几人死亡 美国。在很大程度上，儿童遭受的风险最高，而且儿童通常会被熟悉的东西咬伤。 狗在熟悉的地方。存在一些降低儿科狗咬伤风险的计划，但很少有经验证明- 支持或理论上的推动。没有一个被广泛传播。这项研究以现有的幼犬为基础 制定并评估一个网站以教导儿童与狗进行安全互动的预防咬伤计划。 该网站将具有互动性、娱乐性和吸引力，让儿童（目标年龄 4-6 岁）能够在一个 技术先进且互动的环境。它将根据行为理论进行开发。 聆听儿童发展理论，它将教授并允许实践早期发展的认知技能 童年时期对于与狗一起安全至关重要：冲动控制、换位思考和对细节的关注。 聆听健康行为改变理论，该网站将帮助儿童及其父母了解个人 容易被咬伤，认识到保护自己的规范行为，并有个人动机 改变以前的习惯。网站设计的首要目标是创建一个引人入胜且有趣的网站 环境，并通过多种方式促进儿童和父母双方的认知和行为改变 机制。除了教育孩子外，该网站还将通过创新的消息系统教育家长 由儿童获得分数和“技能水平”触发。 网站开发后，评估研究将调查网站的可用性和功效，使用 a 重复测量前测、后测的实验设计。 68名4-6岁儿童将被招募，已完成 通过多种方法评估与狗安全相关的知识和行为的干预前评估， 然后被随机分配使用新开发的狗安全网站或控制行人 在接下来的两周内在家中查看安全网站。频繁的提醒将鼓励网站的使用。 两周后，所有儿童都将返回接受干预后评估组进行评估 知识和行为的改变。将使用描述性和推论性统计数据进行分析，其中主要 使用线性混合模型测试假设。