Adipocyte Biology and Molecular Nutrition Core

脂肪细胞生物学和分子营养核心

• 批准号: 8640151
• 负责人: Nada A. Abumrad
• 金额: $ 11.4万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8640151
• 关键词: Adipocytes; Adipose tissue; Area; Biological Assay; Biological Models; Biopsy Specimen; Blood Vessels; Cardiovascular Abnormalities; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cells; Clinical Investigator; Collaborations; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Eating; Energy Metabolism; Ensure; Equipment; Evaluation; Extracellular Matrix; Fatty Acids; Functional disorder; Gene Expression; Glucose; Glycogen; Hypertrophy; Individual; Inflammation; Instruction; Lead; Lipids; Lipolysis; Liver; Malignant Neoplasms; Mediating; Metabolic; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Molecular; Morphology; Muscle; Nutritional; Obesity; Organ; Phenotype; Play; Process; Publications; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Activity; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resolution; Resources; Role; Series; System; Technical Expertise; Tissue Expansion; Transfection; Universities; Washington; adipocyte biology; adipocyte differentiation; adipokines; angiogenesis; cost effectiveness; fatty acid oxidation; fatty acid transport; glucose transport; interest; investigator training; lectures; lipid biosynthesis; macrophage; nutrition; operation; programs; protein expression; tissue culture

Adipose tissue function is central to overall metabolism. In addition to its energy storage role, adipose tissue secretes bioactive factors (i.e. adipokines) that contribute to regulating food intake, energy expenditure and normal functioning of key organs such as the vasculature, muscle and liver. Excessive expansion of adipose tissue, as occurs in obesity, is associated with cardiovascular abnormalities and systemic inflammation which ultimately may promote development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. Adipose tissue expansion involves processes that include adipocyte hypertrophy, adipogenesis (pre-adipocyte differentiation), angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation) and extracellular matrix remodeling. There is growing interest in targeting these processes as a potentially efficient way to limit adipose tissue mass and obesity. In addition, understanding the molecular mechanisms that mediate lipid storage and the nutritional effects on adipose tissue metabolism are important in the pathophysiology of obesity. The Adipocyte Biology and Molecular Nutrition (ABMN) Core was established in 2006 and has since played a central role in facilitating molecular research related to nutrition and obesity by NORC investigators. The core provides NORC researchers, especially young investigators, access to specific equipment and expertise that are difficult to assemble by individual investigators and that can present a barrier to those new to this field. The state-of-the-art research infrastructure and training available through the ABMN Core facilitate and enhance nutrition/obesity related research and maximize resource use for NORC investigators, particularly young investigators who are establishing independent research programs. The core helps clinical investigators who are interested in the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology associated with obesity in conducting molecular studies of biopsy samples obtained from metabolically phenotyped subjects. The ABMN core also creates opportunities for interactions and collaborations that often lead to initiation of new multidiscipiinary projects and help recruit basic and clinical investigators to nutrition/obesity related research (see publication record).

脂肪组织的功能是整个新陈代谢的中心。除了储存能量的作用外，脂肪组织还分泌生物活性因子（即脂肪因子），有助于调节食物摄入、能量消耗和血管、肌肉和肝脏等关键器官的正常功能。脂肪组织的过度扩张，如肥胖，与心血管异常和全身性炎症有关，最终可能促进心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症的发展。脂肪组织的扩张过程包括脂肪细胞肥大、脂肪形成（前脂肪细胞）