Longitudinal Study of Trauma, HIV Risk, and Criminal Justice Involvement

描述(由申请人提供)：这项新的R01研究方案利用一系列严格和创新的统计技术来分析来自国家青少年健康纵向研究(ADD Heath)的数据，这是一项多波前瞻性和具有全国代表性的研究，跟踪调查了20,000多名受试者，从儿童到成年，以解决心理健康、成瘾、传染病和刑事司法领域的关键差距。儿童时期的身体、性和/或情感创伤可能会导致精神病、艾滋病毒相关的药物和性风险以及刑事司法参与。研究已经确定了童年创伤和精神病理结果、艾滋病毒危险行为和刑事司法系统参与之间的联系。然而，这些变量之间复杂的相互作用在生命过程中并没有得到很好的定义。此外，对促进弹性的因素进行了研究 创伤是有限的。尽管社会支持可以缓冲压力生活事件的影响，但人们对经历过创伤的儿童在成年后如果在青春期和青春期得到父母、学校和/或导师的支持，在多大程度上可以免受不利的心理和身体健康后果的保护，了解得很有限。我们建议测量儿童时期的身体、性和情感创伤与导致精神病理、艾滋病毒危险行为以及逮捕和监禁水平升高的假设因果路径的关联程度。我们还试图测试社会支持的变化在多大程度上防止创伤对艾滋病毒危险行为和刑事司法结果的有害影响。拟议的分析旨在为开发新的创伤知情干预措施提供经验基础，这些干预措施将解决导致艾滋病毒和刑事司法参与的精神病理学、药物使用和性危险行为。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This new R01 study proposal utilizes a rigorous and innovative series of statistical techniques to analyze data from The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Heath), a multi-wave prospective and nationally-representative study of more than 20,000 subjects followed from childhood to adulthood, to address critical gaps cutting across the mental health, addiction, infectious disease, and criminal justice fields. Physical, sexual, and/or emotional trauma in childhood may cause psychopathology, HIV-related drug and sex risk, and criminal justice involvement. Research has identified associations between childhood trauma and psychopathology outcomes, HIV risk behaviors, and criminal justice system involvement. However, the complex interplay among these variables over the life course is not well defined. In addition, research on factors that promote resiliency in the face of trauma is limited. Though social support buffers the effects of stressful life events, there is limited understanding of the degree to which children who have experienced trauma may be protected from adverse mental and physical health outcomes in adulthood if they receive support from parents, schools, and/or mentors during their adolescence and young adulthood. We propose to measure the degree to which physical, sexual, and emotional traumas during childhood are associated with hypothesized causal pathways leading to elevated levels of psychopathology, HIV risk behavior, and arrest and incarceration. We also seek to test the degree to which variations in social support protect against the deleterious effects of trauma on HIV risk behavior and criminal justice outcomes. The proposed analyses are designed to provide an empirical basis for development of novel trauma-informed interventions that will address the psychopathology, substance use, and sexual risk behaviors that drive both HIV and criminal justice involvement.