Mechanisms of exercise maintenance: Cancer prevention in healthy older women

运动维持机制：健康老年女性的癌症预防

• 批准号: 8780387
• 负责人: Courtney Joyce Stevens
• 金额: $ 3.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8780387
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Adopted; Aerobic; Affect; Affective; Age; American; Area; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Breast Cancer Prevention; Burn injury; Calories; Cancer Etiology; Cessation of life; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Diagnosis; Effectiveness; Exercise; Experimental Designs; Feeling; Female; Future; Guidelines; Happiness; Health; Health Sciences; Health behavior; Incentives; Individual; Intervention; Journals; Life; Link; Literature; Maintenance; Mind; Monitor; Nature; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Physical activity; Physiological; Population; Psychology; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Quality of life; Randomized; Relative Risks; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Running; Skin Cancer; Specific qualifier value; Sum; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; United States; Weight maintenance regimen; Woman; Women' s Health; Work; age group; aged; base; behavior change; cancer prevention; design; effective intervention; experience; falls; fitness; follow-up; improved; information processing; innovation; interest; intervention program; malignant breast neoplasm; meetings; middle age; novel; older women; physical conditioning; programs; psychologic; public health relevance; response; social; theories; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The vast majority of Americans do not engage in enough physical activity (PA) and rates of participation are particularly low for women aged 45 years or older. The association between regular PA and reduced risk for breast cancer is well established with some estimates suggesting that physically active women may be as much as 80% less likely to develop breast cancer compared to physically inactive women. For this reason, there is great public health incentive to increase PA rates among middle-aged women. How best to motivate PA behavior is an area of study in need of a more concrete theoretical framework. Research conducted across several broad areas of psychology including, clinical, social, and health have consistently implicated self-monitoring as an effective intervention for increasing participation in health behaviors (i.e., PA). In terms of what aspects of the PA experience might be most useful to self-monitor, recent work suggests that among the middle-aged female demographic, increased awareness of the immediate benefits PA holds for everyday life (i.e., affect improvement) may be important. The PA-affect relationship may be an especially relevant focus as more favorable affect during and immediately following exercise has been linked to subsequently greater PA intentions and more frequent exercise behavior over time. A crucial limitation of past work studying the PA-affect relationship has been the inherent inability to study the relationship using an experimental design. A specific aim of the proposed study is to address this gap in the literature. Although it is not possible to randomly assign an individual to have a pre-specified affective response to PA, it is possible to randomly assign an individual to attend to a pre-specified aspect of the PA experience through the use of self-monitoring. Specifically, this study will assign women aged 40-60 to self-monitor (by completing daily PA-journals) aspects of the PA experience that are psychological in nature (i.e., affect), physiological in nature (e.g., calories burned etc.), or neutral (i.e., self-reportonly the activity that was performed). The self-monitoring intervention will take part during first mont of study participation only - thereafter, participants will complete follow-up assessments at 3 and 6-months post-baseline that will assess levels of PA participation and other psychosocial variables. In addition to testing the effectiveness of the self- monitoring intervention, an exploratory aim of this project is to examine the mechanisms by which the self- monitoring interventions influenced behavior change and maintenance through a meditational analysis utilizing constructs from a novel theoretical model of PA, the Theory of Physical Activity Maintenance (PAM). The long-term objectives of this project are (1) to better understand the factors that motivate and maintain PA behavior among middle-aged women; and (2) to inform the design of future PA-based interventions and clinical trials focused on promoting women's health generally, and breast cancer prevention efforts specifically. ! ! !

描述(由申请人提供)：绝大多数美国人没有足够的体力活动(PA)，45岁或以上的女性的参与率特别低。有规律的PA和降低乳腺癌风险之间的关联已经得到了很好的证实，一些估计表明，与不锻炼身体的女性相比，经常锻炼的女性患乳腺癌的可能性可能降低80%。出于这个原因，有很大的公共卫生动机增加中年妇女的PA率。如何最好地激励私人助理的行为是一个需要更具体的理论框架的研究领域。在包括临床、社会和健康在内的几个心理学领域进行的研究一直表明，自我监控是增加健康行为(即PA)参与度的有效干预措施。关于PA体验的哪些方面可能对自我监控最有用，最近的研究表明，在中年女性人口中，提高对PA对日常生活的直接好处(即，情感改善)的认识可能是重要的。PA-情感关系可能是一个特别相关的焦点，因为在运动期间和之后立即产生的更有利的影响已经与随后更大的PA意图和更频繁的运动行为随着时间的推移联系在一起。过去研究PA-情感关系的一个关键限制是天生不能使用实验设计来研究这种关系。这项拟议研究的一个具体目的是解决文献中的这一差距。虽然不可能随机分配一个人对PA有预先指定的情感反应，但可以通过使用自我监控随机分配一个人去关注PA体验的预先指定的方面。具体地说，这项研究将指派40-60岁的女性自我监测(通过完成每日PA日记)PA经历的心理方面(即，影响)、生理方面(例如，燃烧的卡路里等)或中性方面(即，仅自我报告所进行的活动)。自我监控干预将只在研究参与的第一个月期间进行-之后，参与者将在3点和3点完成后续评估 基线后6个月，将评估PA的参与程度和其他心理社会变量。除了测试自我监控干预的有效性外，本项目的一个探索性目标是通过冥想分析来检验自我监控干预影响行为改变和维护的机制，该分析利用了PA的一个新的理论模型--体力活动维护理论(PAM)。该项目的长期目标是(1)更好地了解促使和维持中年女性PA行为的因素；以及(2)为未来以PA为基础的干预措施和临床试验的设计提供信息，重点是促进妇女的健康，特别是乳腺癌的预防工作。！！！